Variations in 24-Hour Heart Rate, Physical Activity, Sleep, Autonomic Nervous Activity, and Motor Performance Measured Using a Multifunctional Wireless Holter Recorde in Early Childhood

Authors

  • Ryosuke KOZAKI The joint graduate school in science of school education Hyogo University of Teacher Education, Doctor's Program 942-1 Shimokume, Kato City, Hyogo Prefecture, 665-0061, Japan
  • Keiko ABE Faculty of Education, Osaka Seikei University 3-10-62 Aikawa, Higasiyodogawa-ku, Osaka City, 533-0007, Japan
  • Kan-ichi MIMURA Faculty of Education, Osaka Seikei University 3-10-62 Aikawa, Higasiyodogawa-ku, Osaka City, 533-0007, Japan
  • Kenzo KOYAMA Faculty of School Health Nursing Education, Osaka Kyoiku University 4-698-1 Asahigaoka, Kashiwara City, Osaka,582-8582, Japan
  • Masaru KAGA Faculty of Education, Okayama University 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.106.13317

Keywords:

Infants; 24-hour heart rate; Sleep; Autonomic nervous system; motor performance

Abstract

The study aimed to implement motor performance measurements to clarify the physiological characteristics of aging, as well as the relationship between aging and motor performance. This study, we used a multifunctional wireless holter recorder to continuously measure the 24-hour heart rate, physical activity, sleep, and autonomic nervous system activity of early childhood aged 3–6 years. Results showed that average heart rate, average awake heart rate, average heart rate during sleep, and number of turns during sleep decreased with age. Basal metabolism and total energy expenditure varied significantly by age and sex. Motor performance increased significantly with age, and correlations were found between physical characteristics, physical activity, and mean heart rate during sleep. However, autonomic nervous system activity did not differ significantly with age and sex. Our results show the need for specific programs for each age group.

References

REFERENCES

[1]Abe E., et al., Relationship between electrocardiogram, sleep, physical activity and motor performance in early childhood using CarPod. Bulletin of Osaka Seikei University, 2018. 2: p. 261-268.

[2]Akitake H., E. Abe, and K. Mimura, Relationships between the number of steps and exercise intensity on motor performance of young children. Journal of Developmental Studies, 2016. 70: p. 17-26.

[3]Akitake, H., E. Abe, and K. Mimura, Association between grounded footprint formation, motor performance, and obesity with aging at 4-12 years of age. Developmental Development Research, 2016. 70(6): p. 21-30.

[4]Central Council for Education, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Comprehensive measures to improve children's physical fitness. 2004. https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/021001.htm, viewed November 30, 2021.

[5]Child Care Division, Child and Family Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, The Situation Surrounding Child Care. 2021. https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/11907000/000784219.pdf, viewed 17 September 2022.

[6]Fukuzaki, C., Y. Yamamoto, and M. Miyashita, Development of the autonomic nervous system in infants based on heart rate variability. BME, 1998. 12(7): p. 79-88.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsmbe1987/12/7/12_7_79/_article/-char/ja/,viewed 17 September 2022.

[7]Hayakawa T., and T. Ota, Tests for sleep disorders: Focusing on polysomnography (PSG). Nippon Clinical, 1998. 56(2): p. 354-360.

[8]Hiramatsu, M., et al., Infant sleep rhythm and child care stress. Child Health Research, 2006. 65(3): p. 415-423.

[9]Janssen, X., et al., Associations of Screen Time, Sedentary Time and Physical Activity with Sleep in Under 5s: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis.” Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2020. 49: 101226.

Kitano, K., et al., Verification of the effect of Tactile® Care on children's sleep. Child Mental and Brain Development, 2020. 11(1): p. 71-80.

Maebashi, A., Children's physical anomalies and their countermeasures. Journal of Physical Education, 2004. 49(3): p. 197-208.

Maeda, K., et al., The number of tossing and turning during sleep and interday variation in healthy subjects. Abstracts of the Japanese Society of Physical Therapy Academic Conference, 2015. 42(2).https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/cjpt/2014/0/2014_1741/_article/-char/ja/,viewed 17 September 2022.

Matricciani, L., et al., Children's sleep needs: is there sufficient evidence to recommend optimal sleep for children?. Sleep, 2013. 36(4): p. 527-534.

Matsui, G., Y. Nakai, and T. Takada, Characteristics of autonomic nervous activity during sleep in children with severe psychosomatic disorders. Brain and Development, 2017. 49(4): p. 260-266.

Mimura, K., and H. Kambayashi, A basic study on the optimum amount of exercise in daily life of young children: on the variation of heart rate in 24 hours,” Journal of Physical Fitness Science, 1985. 34(4): p. 201-210.

Mimura, K., et al., A study of exercise intensity in preschool children: Heart rate variability and turnover during sleep. Bulletin of Osaka Kyoiku University, Educational Science, 1989. 38(1): 79-87.

Mimura, K., et al., Measurement of physical fitness test in 3.5- to 6.5-year-old Japanese preschool children. Journal of Physical Education of Young Children of Asia, 2012.

Mimura, K., et al., Relationship among motor ability, daily physical activity, and bone density in preschool children. The Journal of Education and Health Science, 2012. 57(3): p. 273-282.

Mimura, K., Physical fitness and optimal physical activity in young children (Part 1): Activity in daily life. Bulletin of Osaka Kyoiku University, 1993. 42: p. 93-114.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Physical Activity Guidelines for Young Children. 2012. http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/undousisin/1319771.htm, viewed 17 September 2022.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Research Survey on the Practical Implementation of Early Childhood Programs for Cultivating the Foundations to Improve Physical Fitness. 2010.https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/sports/youjiki/index.htm,viewed 17 September 2022.

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Committee for the development of guidelines for exercise and physical activity. Report of the Exercise Standards for Health Promotion 2006. Physical Activity, Exercise and Physical Fitness, 2006. p. 183-198.https://www.mhlw.go.jp/shingi/2006/07/dl/s0725-9e.pdf,viewed 17 September 2022.

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Sleep guidelines for preschool children. Health, Labour and Welfare Chemical Research Grants. Research Group on Sleep and Information and Communication Device Use in Preschool Children, 2015.https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/000375711.pdf,viewed 17 September 2022.

Nakano, T., A. Kasuga, and T. Murase, An examination of the appropriate physical activity level related to lifestyle and motor ability for kindergarten children. Journal of Developmental Studies, 2010. 46: p. 49-58.

Nanakida, A., et al., An empirical study on physical activity and life rhythm in young children. Hiroshima University Joint Research Organization for Undergraduate and Affiliated Schools, Bulletin of Joint Research for Undergraduate and Affiliated Schools, 2009. 37: p. 157-161.

Sasaki, R., et al., Relationship between the amount of daily physical activity and basic motor performance of young children based on differences in their modes of exercise. Keio Institute of Physical Education, Bulletin of the Institute of Physical Education, 2013. 52(1): p. 1-10.

Sasaki, R., et al., The relationship between fundamental movement skills and the extent of daily physical activity preschool children. Bulletin of the institute of physical education, Keio University, 2013. 52(1): p. 1-10

Starbuck, C., et al., The effect of speed on Achilles tendon forces and patellofemoral joint stresses in high-performing endurance runners. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 2021. 31(8): p. 1657-1665

Tanaka, C., S. Tanaka, and T. Ando, Relationship between daily physical activity and neighborhood environment among Japanese preschool children. Journal of Developmental Studies, 2011. 51: p. 37-45.

Tanaka, M. Research on the evaluation of growth and development of physique and motor performance in early childhood. Doctoral dissertation, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 2016. B No. 126.

Tanaka, M., et al., Composition of change in physique and motor ability with age in preschool children based on polynomials. The ICHPER/SD Asia Journal of Research, 2014. 6(2): p. 71-78.

Tanaka, M., et al., Confirmation regarding growth and development of physique and motor fitness, and it's sex difference in preschool children. The Korean Journal of Physical Education, 2015. 54(1): p. 573-581

Tanaka, M., et al., Validity of the assessment of motor skill development in young children by the mean-least-squares method: analysis of girls. Educational Medicine, 2014. 59(2): p. 168-176.

World Health Organization. Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. World Health Organization, 2019. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/311663, viewed 30 November 2021.

Downloads

Published

2022-11-25

How to Cite

KOZAKI, R., ABE, K., MIMURA, K.- ichi, KOYAMA, K., & KAGA, M. (2022). Variations in 24-Hour Heart Rate, Physical Activity, Sleep, Autonomic Nervous Activity, and Motor Performance Measured Using a Multifunctional Wireless Holter Recorde in Early Childhood. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(6), 161–176. https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.106.13317