Maternal Liver and Egg Thiamine Concentrations in Walleye from Lake Oahe, South Dakota
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.106.13373Keywords:
Walleye, Thiamine, Reproduction, Lake Oahe, Sander vitreusAbstract
Thiamine, vitamin B1, cannot be synthesized by fish. Therefore, developing embryos are reliant on thiamine stores deposited during oogenesis. Thiaminase, which breaks down thiamine in predatory fish, has been suggested as the probable reason for the poor reproductive success in salmonids. Similarly, walleye Sander vitreus reproduction may also be hampered by thiaminase-containing diets. This study documented maternal liver and egg thiamine concentrations of walleye populations from the Cheyenne, Moreau, and Grand rivers of Lake Oahe, South Dakota, USA in 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2004. Thiamine concentrations were generally lowest in the eggs from the Cheyenne River. Free thiamine, thiamine monophosphate, and total thiamine were all significantly lower in eggs from the Cheyenne River compared to the Moreau and Grand Rivers. Maternal liver thiamine pyrophosphate and total thiamine followed a similar pattern. Egg survival to hatch varied significantly between locations, at 30.5%, 41.4%, and 56.8% in the Cheyenne, Moreau, and Grand Rivers, respectively, but was not significantly correlated with any form of egg thiamine. Considerable year-to-year variation was observed when data from the locations were pooled; egg free thiamine, thiamine monophosphate, and total thiamine were significantly higher in 2002. The lowest mean egg total thiamine level of 2.6 nmol/g was recorded in 2000. Liver free thiamine and thiamine monophosphate were weakly, but significantly negatively correlated with egg survival to hatch to hatch. Egg survival to hatch was significantly negatively correlated with maternal length. The results were likely impacted by the unexpected catastrophic loss of walleye forage because of flooding in 2003.
References
. Gubler, C.J. Thiamine. In Handbook of Vitamins, 2nd ed.; Machlin, L.J., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, New York, USA, 1991; pp. 234–281.
. Morris, P.C.; Davies, S.J. Enhanced pyridoxine supplementation of diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Anim. Sci. 1995, 61, 445-452.
. Brown, S.B.; Honeyfield, D.C.; Vandenbyllaardt, L. Thiamine analysis in fish tissues. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 73-81.
. Fynn-Aikins, K.; Bowser, P.R.; Honeyfield, D.C.; Fitzsimons, J.D.; Ketola, H.G. Effect of dietary amprolium on tissue thaimin and cayuga syndrome in Atlantic salmon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 1998, 127, 747-757.
. Machlin, L.J. Handbook of vitamins. 1991. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
. Morito, C. L.; Conrad, D. H.; & Hilton, J. W. The thiamin deficiency signs and requirement of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri, Richardson). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 1986. 1, 93-104.
. Nielands, J.B. Thiaminase in aquatic animals of Nova Scotia. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 1947, 7, 94-99.
. Gnaedinger, R.H. Thiaminase activity in fish: an improved assay method. Fish. Indust. Res. 1964, 2, 55-59.
. Gnaedinger, R.H.; Krzeckowski, R.A. Heat inactivation of thiaminase in whole fish. Com. Fish. Rev. 1966, 28, 11-14.
. Ji, Y.Q.; Adelman, I.R. Thiaminase activity in alewives and smelt in Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 154-159.
. Fitzsimons, J.D. The effect of B-vitamins on a swim-up syndrome in Lake Ontario Lake Trout. J. Great Lakes Res. 1995, 21, 286–289.
. Fitzsimons, J.D.; Huestis, S.; Williston, B. Occurrence of a swim-up syndrome in Lake Ontario lake trout in relation to contaminants and cultural practices. J. Great Lakes Res. 1995, 21 (Supp 1), 277-285.
. Fitzsimons, J.D.; Brown, S.B. Reduced egg thiamine levels in inland and Great Lakes lake trout and their relationship with diet. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 160-171.
. Fitzsimons, J.D., Brown, S.B.; Vandenbyllaardt, L. Thiamine levels in food chains of the Great Lakes. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 90-98.
. Honeyfield, D.C.; Hnath, J.G.; Copeland, J.; Dabrowski, K.; Blom, J.H. Correlation of nutrients and environmental contaminants in Lake Michigan coho salmon with incidence of early mortality syndrome. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 134-145.
. Hornung, M.W.; Miller, L.; Peterson, R.E.; Marcquenski, S.; Brown, S.B. Efficacy of thiamine, astaxanthin, b-carotene, and thyroxine treatments in reducing early mortality syndrome in Lake Michigan salmonid embryos. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 124-134.
. Fisher, J.P., Spitsbergen, J.M.; Getchell, R.; Symula, J.; Skea, J.; Babenzein, M.; Chiotti, T. Reproductive failure of landlocked Atlantic salmon from New York’s Finger Lakes: Investigations into the etiology and epidemiology of the “cayuga syndrome.” J. Aquat. Anim. Heal. 1995, 7, 81–94.
. Fisher, J.P., Spitsbergen, J.M.; Iamonte, T.; Little, E.E.; Delonay, A. Pathological and behavioral manifestations of the “cayuga syndrome,” a thiamine deficiency in larval landlocked Atlantic salmon. J. Aquat. Anim. Heal. 1995, 7(4), 269–283.
. Fisher, J.P.; Fitzsimons, J.D.; Combs Jr., G.F.; Spitsbergen, J.M. Naturally occurring thiamine deficiency causing reproductive failure in Finger Lakes Atlantic salmon and Great Lakes lake trout. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 1996, 125(2), 167–178.
. Fisher, J.P.; Connelly, S.; Chiotti, T.; Krueger, C.C. Interspecies comparisons of blood thiamine in salmonids from the Finger Lakes, and effect of maternal size on blood and egg thiamine in Atlantic salmon with and without cayuga syndrome. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 112-123.
. Riley, S.C.; Rinchard, J.; Honefield, D.C.; Evans, A.N.; Begnoche, L. Increasing thiamine concentrations in lake trout eggs from Lakes Huron and Michigan coincide with low alewife abundance. N. Am. J. Fish. Manage. 2011, 31, 1052-1064.
. Bylung, G.; Lerche, O. Thiamine therapy of M 74 affected fry of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Bull. Europ. Assoc. Fish Pathol. (United Kingdom) 1995, 15, 93-97.
. Åkerman, G.; Balk, L. Descriptive studies of mortality and morphological disorders in early life stages of cod and salmon originating from the Baltic Sea. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 41-61.
. Amcoff, P.; Börjeson, H.; Eriksson, R.; Norrgren, L. Effects of thiamine treatments on survival of M74-affected feral Baltic salmon. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 82-89.
. Norrgren, L.; Amcoff, P.; Börjeson, H.; Larsson, P.-O. Reproductive disturbances in Baltic fish: a review. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 8-17.
. Honeyfield, D.C.; Fitzsimons, J.D.; Brown, S.B.; Marcquenski, S.V.; McDonald, G. Introduction and overview of early life stage mortality. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp. 1-7.
. Latif, M.A.; Bodaly, R.A.; Johnston, T.A.; Fudge, R.J. Critical stage in developing walleye eggs. N. Am. J. Aquac. 1999, 61, 34-37.
. Wagers, R.; Broughton, J.; Moen, C. 1996 Blue Dog Lake Fish Hatchery annual report. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Annual Report 98-1, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1998.
. Wagers, R.; Broughton, J.; Moen, C. 1992 Blue Dog Lake Fish Hatchery annual report. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Annual Report 94-13, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1994.
. Wagers, R.; Broughton, J.; Moen, C. 1993 Blue Dog Lake Fish Hatchery annual report. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Annual Report 94-19, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1994.
. Wagers, R.; Broughton, J.; Moen, C. 1994 Blue Dog Lake Fish Hatchery annual report. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Annual Report 95-12, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1995.
. Wagers, R.; Broughton, J.; Moen, C. 1995 Blue Dog Lake Fish Hatchery Annual Report. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Annual Report 96-17, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1996.
. Warnick, D.C. The introduction of selected fish species into the Missouri River system, 1984-1985. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Progress Report 87-10, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1987.
. Warnick, D.C. The introduction of selected fish species into the Missouri River system, 1982. South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Progress Report 83-4, Pierre, South Dakota, USA, 1983.
. Hill, T.D. Life history and bioenergetics of chinook salmon in Lake Oahe, South Dakota. Doctoral dissertation. South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 1997.
. Johnson, B. M.; J. P. Goettl, Jr. Food web changes over fourteen years following introduction of rainbow smelt into a Colorado reservoir. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 1999, 19:629-642.
. Graeb, B. D. S.; S. R. Chipps; D. W. Willis; J. P. Lott; R. P. Hanten; W. Nelson-Stastny; J. W. Erickson. Walleye Response to Rainbow Smelt Population Decline and Liberalized Angling Regulations in a Missouri River Reservoir. American Fisheries Society Symposium. 2008, 62:275-292.
. Piper, R.G. Fish Hatchery Management. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1982.
. Summerfelt, R. C.; J. A. Johnson; C. P. Clouse. Culture of Walleye, Sauger, and Hybrid Walleye. Pages 451-570 in B. A. Barton, editor. Biology, management, and culture of walleye and sauger. 2011. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
. Jearald, A. Age determination. In Fisheries Techniques, Neilsen, L.A., Johnson, D.L., Lampton, S.S., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1983; pp. 301-324.
. Barnes, M.E.; Zehfus, M.H.; Soupir, C.A.; Sayler, W.A. Temporal changes in Sander vitreus egg thiamine levels. J. Fish Biol. 2005, 67, 1162-1168.
. Wiegand, M.D.; Johnston, T.A.; Brown, L.R.; Brown, S.B.; Casselman, J.M.; Leggett, W.C. Maternal influences on thiamine status of walleye Sander vitreus ova. J. Fish Biol. 2011, 78, 810-824.
. Honeyfield, D.C.; Vandergoot, C.S.; Bettoli, P.W.; Hinterkopf, J.P.; Zajicek, J.L. Thiamine and fatty acid content of walleye tissue from three southern U.S. reservoirs. J. Aquat. Anim. Heal. 2007, 19(2), 84–93.
. Fincel, M.J.; Radigan, W.J.; Longhenry, C.M. Entrainment of rainbow smelt through Oahe Dam during the 2011 Missouri river flood. N. Am. J. Fish. Manage. 2016, 36(4), 844-851.
. Carlson, A.K.; Fincel, M.J.; Graeb, B.D.S. Otolith chemistry indicates walleye movement and entrainment in a large serial reservoir system. Fish. Manage. Ecol., 2017, 24(3), 217-229.
. Hurley, D.A. Observations on incubating walleye eggs. Prog. Fish-Cult. 1972, 34, 49-54.
. Heidinger, R.C.; Brooks, R.C.; Leitner, D.; Soderstrom, I. Prediction of walleye egg and embryo survival at two stages of development. Prog. Fish-Cult. 1997, 59, 64-67.
. Johnston, T.A. Within-population variability in egg characteristics of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1997, 54, 1006-1014.
. Spooner, D.E.; Honeyfield, D.C.; Boggs, K.; Shull, D.; Wertz, T.; Sweet, S. An assessment of the thiamine status of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the Susquehanna River watershed. Northeast. Natural. 2020, 27, 596–611.
. Rinchard, J.; Ware, K.; Dabrowski, K.; Van Tassell, J.J.; Marschall, E.A.; Stein, R.A. Egg thiamine concentration affects embryo survival in Lake Erie walleye. Environ. Biol. Fish. 2011, 90, 53–60.
. Wolf, L.E. Fish diet disease of trout. A vitamin deficiency produced by diets containing raw fish. Fisheries Research Bulletin 2, New York State Conservation Department, Albany, New York, USA, 1942; pp. 1-16.
. Coble, D.D. Effect of raw smelt on lake trout. Can. Fish Cult. 1965, 36, 27–34.
. Honeyfield, D.C.; Flynn-Aikins, K.; Fitzsimons, J.D.; Mota, J.A. Effect of dietary amprolium on eggs and tissue thiamine concentrations in lake trout. In Early Life Stage Mortality Syndromes in Fishes of the Great Lakes and Baltic Sea, Proceedings of American Fisheries Society Symposium 21; McDonald, G., Fitzsimons, J.D., Honeyfield, D.C., Eds.; American Fisheries Society: Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 1998; pp.172-177.
. Jackson, J.J. Food habits of walleyes in Lake Oahe, South Dakota. 1992. M.S. Thesis, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota.
. Wolfert, D.R. Maturity and fecundity of walleye from the eastern and western basins of Lake Erie. J. Fish. Res. B. Can. 1969, 26, 1877-188.
. Priegel, G.R. Age and growth of walleye in Lake Winnebago. Wisc. Acad. Sci., Arts, Let. 1969, 57, 121-133.
. Bozek, M.A.; Baccante, D.A.; Lester, N.P. Walleye and sauger life history. In Biology, Management, and Culture of Walleye and Sauger; Barton, B.A., Ed.; American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 2011; pp. 233-286.
. Malison, J.A.; Held, J.A. Reproduction and spawning in walleye (Stizostedion viteum). J. Appl. Ichthy. 1996, 12, 153-156.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Alex Rosburg, Jill Voorhees, Michael E. Barnes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
