Information and Communication Technology skills for Effective Competence Based Curriculum Implementation in Kenya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.76.8544Keywords:
Key words: Early Childhood education (ECD), Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Pre-school teachers, Teacher Training, Competency Based Curriculum (CBC)Abstract
The vision of education service delivery in Kenya is to have an internationally competitive quality education, training and research for sustainable development. More developed countries are associated with their great investment in human capital. They are also associated with development of ICT which has led to improved standards of living and good governance. This study was carried out on 395 pre-school teachers who were undertaking their in-service training in Kiambu County. The study sort to establish ICT whether the teachers engaged in ECD centers had any skills in ICT. This study further sort to establish whether there was integration of ICT in teaching and learning in selected preschools in Kenya. A researcher designed questionnaire was used in the study. A total of 60.83 % of the total population had no knowledge of ICT and therefore did not integrate ICT in their teaching and learning in the selected preschools. All the teachers expressed that the government had not sponsored them for ICT training and the little they had they had sponsored themselves. Grounded on these findings the study recommended that the government should be on the forefront to not only invest in ICT infrastructure but also in education of teachers in ICT. With the paradigm shift in the Kenya’s education curriculum this concern should be immediate. The government should take up the responsibility of ensuring that all teachers are exposed to ICT skills since these will change their interaction with the students who are quite ahead of their teachers in technology.
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[38]. Ndiritu, A. W., Kidombo, H., & Gakuu, C. (2012). Institutional Management and Integration of ICT InTeaching and Learning in Selected Kenyan Schools. Journal of Open, Continuing and Distance Education. 2(1).
[39]. Njagi, M. (2013). Assessment of the Status of E learning as Course Delivery Method in Public Universities in Kenya. Unpublished Masters Project. University of Nairobi.
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[49]. Sietenei P. (2015-)E-Learning Readiness and ICT usage among Public Primary Schools in Athi River sub-county a research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the award of master of Business Administration degree of the University of Nairobi 2015
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[51]. Sivin-Kachala, J., & Bialo, E. R. (2000). 2000 Report on the Effectiveness of Technology in Schools. Software & Information Industry Assoc..
[52]. Smaldino, S. E. (2011). Preparing students with 21st century ICT literacy in math and science education. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 5(1), 1-3.
[53]. Soujah, S. (2014). Technology Integration in Schools Is We Overinvested and Underprepared?. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 4(5), 444.
[54]. TIVET ICT baseline survey report 2011. TIVET institutions, Kenya. Internet: www. scholar. lib. vt. edu. ezproxy. waikato. ac. nz/ejournals/JTE/v15n1/pdf.
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[56]. Unesco. (2002). Information and communication technology in education: a curriculum for schools and programme of teacher development. Unesco.
[57]. Warwick, P., & Kershner, R. (2008). Primary teachers’ understanding of the interactive whiteboard as a tool for children’s collaborative learning and knowledge‐building. Learning, Media and Technology, 33(4), 269- 287
[58]. Winzenried, A., Dalgarno, B., & Tinkler, J. (2010). The interactive whiteboard: A transitional technology supporting diverse teaching practices. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(4).
[2]. Al-Senaidi, S., Lin, L., & Poirot, J. (2009). Barriers to adopting technology for teaching and learning in Oman. Computers & Education, 53(3), 575-590.
[3]. Bahrini, Raéf; Qaffas, Alaa A. 2019. "Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Economic Growth: Evidence from Developing Countries." Economies 7, no. 1: 21.
[4]. Bietenbeck, J. (2014). Teaching practices and cognitive skills. Labour Economics, 30, 143-153.
[5]. Booker, L., (2003). Integrating new technology in UK classrooms: Lessons for teachers from eary years practitioners’, Childhood education, 75(15), 261 – 267. Retrieved from Pro Quest database
[6]. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn (Vol. 11). Washington, DC: National academy press.
[7]. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How people learn (Vol. 11). Washington, DC: National academy press.
[8]. Byron, T. (2008). Safer children in a digital world: The report of the Byron Review. http://biztonsagosbongeszes. hu/en/pdf/tanyabyron_report. pdf.
[9]. CBD, U. (2018). UNDP (2018). Sixth National Report: Technical reporting guidance, version, 14.
[10]. Clements, D. H. (1994). The uniqueness of the computer as a learning tool: Insights from research and practice. Young children: Active learners in a technological age, 31-50.
[11]. Drigas, A., & Kokkalia, G. (2014). ICTs in kindergarten. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 9(2), 52-58.
[12]. Ertmer, P. A. (1999). Addressing first-and second-order barriers to change: Strategies for technology integration. Educational technology research and development, 47(4), 47-61.
[13]. Fleming-McCormick, T., Nyre, G., Schwager, M. and Tushnet, N. (1995). District Response to the Demonstration: The Practice of Technology. San Francisco, CA: Far West Lab. for Educational Research and Development. (ERIC_NO- ED388311)
[14]. Fraenkel, J. R., & Wallen, N. E. (2008). Introduction to qualitative research. How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 7th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill International Edition.
[15]. G.O.K (2005), Jession Paper No. 1 of 2005 on a Policy Framework for Education Training and Research; Government Printer, Nairobi, Kenya.
[16]. Gallant, G. M. (2000). Professional development for web‐based teaching: overcoming innocence and resistance. New directions for adult and continuing education, 2000(88), 69-78.
[17]. Gatotoh A.M, Keiyoro, P, N, Gakuu C.M., (2017) Learner Characteristics: Antecedents for mLearning Adoption among Community Health Trainees, Kenya. International Journal of Scientific Research and Innovative Technology ISSN: 2313-3759 Vol. 4 No. 8; August 2017
[18]. Gatotoh A.M, Gakuu C, M., Keiyoro, P, N, (2018) Learner self-efficacy and mobile learning adoption among community health trainees, Kenya. International Journal of Science Arts and Commerce, Vol. 3 No. 2, February-2018
[19]. Gatotoh A.M, Gakuu C, M., Keiyoro, P, N, (2018) Use of Mobile Learning to Provide Inclusive Education in Low Resource Settings: Experiences from the Community mHealth Training Project, Kenya. In: Claudia Urrea (editor). Proceedings of the MIT LINC 2019 Conference, (EPiC Series in Education Science, vol. 3), pp. 108–114
[20]. Hatlevik, O. E., & Arnseth, H. C. (2012). ICT, teaching and leadership: How do teachers experience the importance of ICT-Supportive school leaders?. Nordic Journal of Digital Literacy, 7(01), 55-69.
[21]. Haugland, S. W. (1992). The effect of computer software on preschool children's developmental gains. Journal of computing in childhood education, 3(1), 15-30.
[22]. Hayes, M., & Whitebread, D. (Eds.). (2006). ICT in the Early Years. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
[23]. Hinson, J., LaPrairie, K., & Heroman, D. (2006). A failed effort to overcome tech barriers in a K-12 setting: What went wrong and why. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 2(2), 148-158.
[24]. Hussain, A. J., Morgan, S., & Al-Jumeily, D. (2011, December). How Does ICT Affect Teachings and Learning within School Education. In Developments in E-systems Engineering (DeSE), 2011 (pp. 250-254). IEEE.
[25]. Inan, F. A., & Lowther, D. L. (2010). Laptops in the K-12 classrooms: Exploring factors impacting instructional use. Computers & Education, 55(3), 937-944.
[26]. Kairo Rosemary Wanjiru (2013) the use of Information and Communication Technology in improving teaching and learning in public primary schools in Gatanga District, Murang’a county, Kenya. UnpublisedUnpublished M.A thesis, University of Nairobi.
[27]. Karanezi, X. (2014). Primary and lower secondary school teachers: Teachers’ attitudes and perceptions about traditional teaching methodologies and modern teaching methodologies according to RWCT. Creative Education, 5(16), 1567.
[28]. Kevin, I., Sonny, N., Tigineh, M., & Sriram, V. (2017). Digital Kenya. An entrepreneurial revolution in the making. In N. Bitange & W. Tim (Eds.), The Palgrave studies of entrepreneurship in Africa series (pp. 1–518). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[29]. Lucas, A. M., McEwan, P. J., Ngware, M., & Oketch, M. (2014). Improving early‐grade literacy in East Africa: Experimental evidence from Kenya and Uganda. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 33(4), 950-976.
[30]. Majumdar, S. (2015). Emerging trends in ICT for education & training. Gen. Asia Pacific Reg. IVETA
[31]. Mathevula, M. D., & Uwizeyimana, D. E. (2014). The Challenges Facing the Integration of ICT in Teaching and Learning Activities in South African Rural Secondary Schools. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(20), 1087. Retrieved from http://www.richtmann.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/3840
[32]. McManis, L. D., & Gunnewig, S. B. (2012). Finding the education in educational technology with early learners. Young Children, 67(3), 14-24
[33]. Melita, K., (2012). The Role of ICT Integration into classroom in Kenya. A literature review.
[34]. Michura, E. (2019). Sustainable Development in Education Model for Kenya Vision 2030. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 29(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2019/v29i330107
[35]. Mikre, F. (2011). The roles of information communication technologies in education: Review article with emphasis to the computer and internet. Ethiopian Journal of Education and Sciences, 6(2), 109-126.
[36]. Ministry of Education, (2005). Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2005 on a policy frame work for education training and research: Meeting the challenges of education and training to all Kenyans, Nairobi: Government Printer.
[37]. Mungo, J. (2004). E-learning/e-teaching: An Implementation and Evaluation of a Finance Introductory Course. Masters Thesis, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin.
[38]. Ndiritu, A. W., Kidombo, H., & Gakuu, C. (2012). Institutional Management and Integration of ICT InTeaching and Learning in Selected Kenyan Schools. Journal of Open, Continuing and Distance Education. 2(1).
[39]. Njagi, M. (2013). Assessment of the Status of E learning as Course Delivery Method in Public Universities in Kenya. Unpublished Masters Project. University of Nairobi.
[40]. O’Connor, B. (1992). Planning for the technology-rich learning environments of the future. In learning technologies essential for education change. Washington, DC: Council of Chief State School Officers.
[41]. Olaofe, I. A. (2005). Nigerian educational emancipation: roadmap from crisis to resurgence. Faculty of Education Seminar Series, No. 1. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
[42]. Omariba A. Ayot H.O, and Ondigi S, R. (2016) Teachers’ Preparedness in Integrating Information Communication Technologies in Public Primary Teacher Training Colleges in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research Vol. 4 No. 9 September 2016
[43]. Pagani, L., Argentin, G., Gui, M., & Stanca, L. (2016). The impact of digital skills on educational outcomes: evidence from performance tests. Educational studies, 42(2), 137-162
[44]. Parette, H. P., Quesenberry, A. C., & Blum, C. (2010). Missing the boat with technology usage in early childhood settings: A 21st century view of developmentally appropriate practice. Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(5), 335-343.
[45]. Rampersad, C. A. (2012). Teachers' perceptions of the contribution of information and communication technology to the teaching of modern studies, using an integrated system, in an urban secondary school (Doctoral dissertation).
[46]. Rani, S; Khatter, J. (2019) Enhancing Quality of Education through ICT Based Approaches. Journal of Industrial Relationship, Corporate Governance & Management Explorer (e ISSN 2456-9461), [S.l.], v. 2, n. 3, p. 1-4, may 2019. ISSN 2456-9461
[47]. Safi A, B (2019) ICT AND INTEGRATION IN EDUCATION: A META-ANALYSIS JETIR June 2019, Volume 6, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
[48]. Sang, G., Valcke M, vanBraak, J, Tondeur J (2009) Student teachers’ thinking processes and ICT integration: Predictors of prospective teaching behaviors with educational technology, Computers & Education Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 103-112
[49]. Sietenei P. (2015-)E-Learning Readiness and ICT usage among Public Primary Schools in Athi River sub-county a research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the award of master of Business Administration degree of the University of Nairobi 2015
[50]. Siraj-Blatchford, J., & Whitebread, D. (2003). Supporting ICT in the early years. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
[51]. Sivin-Kachala, J., & Bialo, E. R. (2000). 2000 Report on the Effectiveness of Technology in Schools. Software & Information Industry Assoc..
[52]. Smaldino, S. E. (2011). Preparing students with 21st century ICT literacy in math and science education. Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 5(1), 1-3.
[53]. Soujah, S. (2014). Technology Integration in Schools Is We Overinvested and Underprepared?. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 4(5), 444.
[54]. TIVET ICT baseline survey report 2011. TIVET institutions, Kenya. Internet: www. scholar. lib. vt. edu. ezproxy. waikato. ac. nz/ejournals/JTE/v15n1/pdf.
[55]. Ültanır, E. (2012). An epistemological glance at the constructivist approach: Constructivist learning in Dewey, Piaget, and Montessori. International Journal of Instruction, 5(2).
[56]. Unesco. (2002). Information and communication technology in education: a curriculum for schools and programme of teacher development. Unesco.
[57]. Warwick, P., & Kershner, R. (2008). Primary teachers’ understanding of the interactive whiteboard as a tool for children’s collaborative learning and knowledge‐building. Learning, Media and Technology, 33(4), 269- 287
[58]. Winzenried, A., Dalgarno, B., & Tinkler, J. (2010). The interactive whiteboard: A transitional technology supporting diverse teaching practices. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(4).
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Published
2020-07-08
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Ndiritu, A., & Gatotoh, A. (2020). Information and Communication Technology skills for Effective Competence Based Curriculum Implementation in Kenya. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(6), 712–721. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.76.8544
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