Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal

Insurance and medical resource allocation: a literature review

liu ying — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:20:09 +0000

The contribution of the existing research results of insurance and resource allocation in theory and policy proposition has important reference value for the study of the operation mechanism and policy orientation of insurance resource allocation. On the basis of combing the research path of the existing research results, this paper combines the insurance theory with the general economic theory, based on China's national conditions, tries to think and choose new research path with new thinking mode, and systematically and deeply discusses the effective allocation of China's insurance resources.

Examination Anxiety as Correlate of Junior High School Pupils Academic Performance in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana

Joseph Bentil Bentil — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:20:38 +0000

This study investigated the relationship between examination anxiety and pupils’ academic performance in Junior High Schools in Effutu Municipality in the Central Region of Ghana. Grounded in Smith and Ellsworth (1987) transactional model of test-related emotions, this study adopted the cross-sectional descriptive survey design with quantitative approach where seven-hundred and forty one (741) Junior High School pupils were sampled through the multi-stage sampling technique. Closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect quantifiable data. After satisfying validity and reliability requirements, the instrument was self-administered to the participants and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics such as t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The findings of the study revealed that generally there was high examination anxiety among the Junior High School pupils. Besides, the results showed that there was a strong and statistically significant inverse relationship between examination anxiety and pupils overall academic performance. The study further disclosed that the level of pupils and age of the pupils did not significantly affect examination anxiety. Furthermore, it was revealed that sex and type of school attended significantly influenced examination anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended among others that, the Effutu Municipal Education Directorate should as a matter of urgency design and implement programmes to reduce the high anxiety levels among pupils so as to enhance academic performance. In this direction, attention should be directed to sex and type of school attended since these two variables significantly predicted examination anxiety.

Appraisal of Perspectives to Morality in Business: Towards Developing Effective Operational Mindsets for Business Practitioners

Adeyeye Adewole, Ginah . O. Ginah — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:21:10 +0000

The study critically examines available perspectives to morality in business. It observes that each of the perspectives to morality in business may seem plausible; the reality of business clearly indicates that morality is intrinsic in the purposes and existence of business. The study further observes that the functional activities of business are pre-supposedly subjects of moral value judgment. The study posits that efforts should rather focus on discussions and concerns on moral benchmarks for sustainable business practices in view of emerging socio-cultural and global dynamics. It concludes that appropriate synthesis of perspectives is the way to go in order to enhance business education among students and practitioners in Nigeria.

The Impact of Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance on Corporate Performance: An Empirical Evidence from the Data of Chinese Listed Financial Enterprises

Zhe Sun — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:21:36 +0000

Based on data of the listed banks and insurance companies from 2011-2016, this paper studies the factors affecting directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, the relationship between directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and corporate performance. Empirical research shows that there is a significant positive correlation between the company’s asset-liability ratio, corporate performance and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance. Directors’ and officers’ liability insurance has a significant positive effect on corporate performance of listed banks and insurance companies. The empirical findings of this paper will help to strengthen the understanding of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance in bank and insurance companies and promote the widespread use of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance in the future.

The Bald Ibis From Eagle Understanding A Historical City From The Traditional Craftmanship Language

Aytul Kasapoglu — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:22:06 +0000

The name and purpose of this work was inspired by the fact C.Wright Mills (1959) described sociology as an “Intellectual Craftsmanship” . The main aim is to examine traditional craft figurations (Elias, 1939; 2000) in a historical city (Mugla), which I find appropriate to explain with workshop metaphor. Paul Thompson (1978), when he says to hear the voice of the past, underlines the importance of the bottom up historical approach, ordinary people and everyday events in the construction of a more democratic and egalitarian future. In this study, it was paid attention to the changes in both time and space to be treated in a process and holistic manner by rejecting “essentialism ” and “dualities”. In this study, it has been tried to make appropriate analyses by using the biographical narratives formed by the oral history technique. The originality of this research, based on the theoretical approach of Relational Sociology, is also here.

MIGRATION AND THE TRANS-NATIONALISATION OF AFRICAN PENTECOSTALISM IN EUROPE

Titus S. Olorunnisola — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:22:37 +0000

Migration, the movement of people from one geographical location to another is an indispensable component of globalisation which has impacted the latter with visible effects. Neo-Pentecostal Christian movements from different parts of Africa have seized the advantage of both migration and globalization to advance their missionary causes. This has resulted in planting new churches and organization of para-church ministries and outreaches in different parts of Europe and elsewhere.

Using the Critical Integrated Analysis (CIA) method, which seeks to generate data from the existing body of knowledge, the article explored the trajectories of African migration vis-à-vis the penetration of African-led Pentecostal churches in some part of Europe. This process has stemmed encounters between the European and African cultures plus the hurdle of navigating the cultural nuances of the Europeans.

The article discovered that although there are shreds of evidence of growth among African-led migrant churches, more grounds need to be covered. It suggested that migrant churches need to structure their ministries and organisations in ways that propel appropriate cultural engagement with their host communities to enable them to influence and transform their immediate social realities.

Prototyping Mass Nouns from Students’ Perspective: A Pedagogical Implication

Md Alam — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:23:06 +0000

This paper investigates ESL learners’ prototyping mass nouns as a grammatical category. The study is supported by the theory of prototype developed by Rosch in 1970s which plays a wide role in graded categorization of the existent entities in the world. With an expected inspiration from the theory, the prototyping of vocabulary received research attention especially in the pedagogical world. Promisingly, this study seeks to extend the theory to explore a lexico-grammatical category i.e. “mass nouns” from learners’ perspective. Actually, the study was directed to find out which prototypical feature ESL students exploit to prioritize some mass nouns as prototypical examples over some other mass nouns, and how far students’ experientially and pedagogically perceived “prototypes” of mass nouns help them to correctly grouping up nouns as in mass category. The study was focused on shedding some light on a few pedagogical tips and implications in some likely challenging contexts of teaching mass nouns. The study reveals that ESL students shortlist ‘liquids’ (such as water, milk, wine, juice etc.) ‘gases’(such as hydrogen, oxygen etc.), ‘abstract ideas’ (such as childhood, anger, safety, knowledge etc.), ‘powdered substances’ (such as sand, sugar etc.), and some ‘natural entities’ (such as heat, sunshine etc.) as “prototype of mass nouns” which all are un-individuated and sometimes intangible - meaning uncountable - while the learners recognize ‘non-countable’ status as the most important prototypical feature of mass nouns. And, the students isolated ‘rice’, ‘wheat’, ‘hair’, ‘grass’ , ‘cotton’ and ‘coal’ as less prototypical mass nouns based on their intrinsic sense that these mass nouns are plural and they even can be individuated. However, the study reflects that the students’ perceived prototypes are not sufficient as they selected and considered many of mass nouns as so distant members as countable. It was further found that contextual type shifts of mass-count nouns, arbitrary sematic distributions to lexis, cross-linguistic approach to mass nouns, intrinsic and realistic conception, superordinate-subordinate influence, and perception of enumerating status etc. account for students’ this surprise selection of a number of mass nouns as opposite category i.e. count nouns. If pedagogues are non-responsive to these factors and fail to redefine their approaches to mass noun teaching, it is most likely to lead to learners’ grammatical inaccuracy resulted from their determiner-number-mass noun mismatch.

Eyeing Innocent Souls: The trajectory of Domestic violence and children's education in Botswana

Mavis Bashingie Mhlauli — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:23:29 +0000

The purpose of this paper is to interrogate the effects of domestic violence among children in Botswana. Domestic violence is a global problem as it affects people from both poor and stable economies. Research has shown that there is a link between domestic violence and child abuse. This link has been shown in and confirmed by various studies conducted in a number of countries including China, South Africa, Colombia, India, Egypt, Philippines and Mexico (Unicef, 2005). Botswana like many countries of the world has a challenge of protecting children from being victims of domestic violence. Most violence in Botswana is reported to occur within intimate relationships which takes the form of emotional, physical and psychological abuse and mostly occurs among women. It has also been observed that domestic violence is common mostly in male dominated cultures which are either patriarchal or patrilineal and often justified by their customs and traditions, and condoned by law (Kanchipuntu and Mwale, 2016). This violence is said to affect children’s lives as it may result in emotional trauma, physical and psychological barriers in schooling and educational experience in general (Lloyd, 2018). Paradoxically, children find themselves entangled in domestic violence with very little knowledge of what steps to take to end the form of abuse they experience. Governments, education systems and schools in particular have a role to play to mitigate the situation that children find themselves in hence the suggested strategies. More research needs to be undertaken to develop ways of dealing with domestic violence in schools which are culturally sensitive..

The Eternal Return: The Heaviest of the Burdens

Fatemeh (Sara) Pakdamanshahri — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:24:01 +0000

“Putting it negatively, the myth of eternal return states that a life which disappears once and for all, which does not return, is like a shadow, without weight, dead in advance, and whether it was horrible, beautiful, or sublime, its horror, sublimity, and beauty mean nothing.”1 As Kundera, himself, puts it, the idea of living once and never returning to it suggests the utmost lightness under which one’s existence hinders rather than strengthen.

The Unbearable Lightness of Being calls on us in the hope of a rediscovery of the experience of homecoming, not only in a geographical sense as we see in Oedipus the King, but more importantly in the psychological, spiritual, and epistemological sense of the term. The struggle between fate and freedom of choice, feeling of guilt and the resolution to its confrontation are among the mutual themes in these two literary masterpieces. Although there are a number of one to one connections between certain characters in the two literary works mentioned, the noteworthy is the individual journey they take to return home (in its metaphorical sense), which at the same time speaks of a collective journey of the homecoming of the human being.

Optimal investment policy for a company under inflation risk

ZHONGHUA ZHU — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:00:45 +0000

In this paper, we consider the optimal investment control problem for a company who worries about inflation risk. We assume that the company is self-financing. The decision maker of the company can invest in a financial market consisting of two assets: one risk-free asset, one risky asset. Our purpose is to find the impacts of inflation on optimal investment policy. With the objective of maximizing the CRRA utility of terminal wealth, the closed-form solutions of the optimal investment policy are obtained by solving HJB equations. We find that the optimal investment policy is affected by the correlation coefficient between the price of risky asset and price index.

Game Analysis of Endowment Insurance Collection and Supervision Behavior under the Background of Price Reduction

Jin Zhang — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:01:50 +0000

The Central government issued several consecutive articles stressing the need to reduce the contribution rate of endowment insurance and adjust the base of social security contributions. However, can we effectively improve the compliance rate of endowment insurance, and thus increase the actual collection income of endowment insurance through the reform of the fee reduction? What changes will be made to the behavioral decision-making methods among the various subjects, and will it affect the income from the collection of pensions? What kind of supervision is adopted by the central and local governments to promote the increase in the collection of endowment insurance? Based on these problems, this paper adopts the principal-agent game and the three-party evolutionary game model under non-completely symmetric information, analyzes the behavioral decisions of each subject in the process of collection after the fee reduction, and analyzes the influencing factors of dynamic stability and equilibrium. Analysis, and finally, in the context of the endowment insurance fee reduction, the action plan that can effectively increase the income of the endowment insurance collection. The empirical results show that the contribution rate and contribution base of endowment insurance are inversely related to the intensity of local endowment insurance collection, and the reduction of fees can effectively promote the enthusiasm of local governments for collection. When the burden of endowment insurance contributions declines, the enthusiasm of corporate payment has also increased. At the same time, improve the overall level of pensions, promote the openness and transparency of endowment insurance contributions, and strengthen the reward and punishment mechanism in the process of collecting endowment insurance premiums, which can effectively increase the income from endowment insurance collection.

The Effect of Self-Efficacy and Optimism toward Quality of Life on Transfemoral Prosthesis Users in Indonesia

Nur Rachmat, Mohammad Fanani , Darsono Darsono, Suwarto Suwarto — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:24:24 +0000

Purpose: In persons with amputations, their quality of life decreases tremendously as a consequence of complex physical and psychological problems after losing an important part of their bodies. Therefore, a holistic and comprehensive rehabilitation approach post-amputation is needed to improve individual mobility and to help reintegrate into society. Method: This is a cross-sectional study involving 110 individuals with the transfemoral prosthesis. Data were collected using questionnaires and documentation and were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regressions. Results: Findings revealed a significantly positive effect of self-efficacy on quality of life (p<0.001) and of optimism on quality of life (p=0.001). Moreover, there is also a significant positive effect of self-efficacy and optimism together on the quality of life (p<0.001). Conclusion: to improve quality of life of transfemoral prosthesis users, it is recommended to consider the role of persons’ self-efficacy and optimism.

Strategic Leadership to Prevent Corruption in Indonesia

Aris Sarjito — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:26:17 +0000

In the General Explanation of the 2002 KPK Law, it states: Increased corruption unhindered creates disasters, not only for the national economy, but also for national and state life in general. Extensive and systematic corruption is also a violation of the social and economic rights of the community and, therefore, corruption can no longer be classified as an ordinary crime, but rather as an extraordinary crime. By any standard, Indonesia's corruption level is high. There are indications that since the fall of Suharto, overall corruption has actually increased. Regional autonomy is generally blamed for dispersing power to regional officials, many of whom are expected to exploit their offices for personal gain.

This study uses a qualitative analysis approach that aims to analyze strategic leadership to prevent corruption in Indonesia, using Hughes's strategic leadership theory as an analysis tool.

The results of this study are: (1) good governance requires transparency in the management of regional development using the budget originating from the APBN (state budget) and APBD (local budget); (2) strategic leaders always encourage the creation of clean bureaucracy; Organizational principles are encouraged to prohibit illegal actions against the internal environment and, in particular, external organizations will have an impact in the long term and grow the organization to be healthier; and (3) a strategic leader in running an organization must hold fast to the principle of legality and anti-corruption.

Keywords: corruption, strategic leadership.

Women Participation in Livestock Raising and Household Managemnt In Rural Communities of Nafada, Semi-Arid Region Of Northeastern Nigeria

Yakubu Dan , Idoma Kim — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:26:53 +0000

This study was carried out to examine women’s participation in livestock raising in rural communities of Nafada, semi-arid region of Northeastern Nigeria. Thirteen villages were purposively sampled, and 10 women respondents were randomly selected from each village. Standardized interview schedule was adopted in the collection of information from the sampled respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The results disclosed that approximately half (45%) of the respondents raised goats and sheep and 100% were involved regularly in cleaning of animal sheds, watering and grazing of animals. In addition, washing of clothes, food preparation, cleaning of the house, looking after all family members, child/family health care, preparing beverages and cleaning up after meals ranked highest among household activities undertaken by women. Major challenges of livestock raising, and household management were low innovation (ranked 1), rustling (ranked 2), ranching (ranked 2) and health of animals (ranked 2). Others included child/family care (ranked 1), food (ranked 1), fuel wood collection (ranked 3) and absence of funding from government agents. The correlation results revealed that family size and education of respondents were significant factors influencing the extent of women’s participation in livestock raising in the study area. Therefore, carefully targeted women-focused programmes on livestock farming, intensive adult education and improved agricultural extension/ veterinary services among others are crucial to improving women’s participation in livestock production in Nafada LGA.

The Merchant of Venice: An Allegorical Equation of Art and Commodity

Fatemeh (Sara) Pakdamanshahri — Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:27:25 +0000

John Cage narrates: “...Somebody said that Brecht wanted everybody to think alike. I want everybody to think alike... Everybody looks alike and acts alike, and we’re getting more and more that way. I think everybody should be a machine. I think everybody should be alike.” The interviewer asks Cage: “Isn’t that like pop art?” And consequently, Cage responds: “Yes, that’s what pop art is, liking things.”1

Shakespeare’s plays have long been put under scrutiny, praised, and devalued through various theoretical lenses. Regardless of the innumerable doctrines against which his tragedies and comedies have been over-analyzed, tending to his art in terms of the essence of his works, the artistry of them seems more than crucial. Morality, ethics and individual and collective philosophical readings of Shakespearean plays have coexisted with and mirrored in words, hence literature. There seems to be no way out but to weigh Shakespearean plays against these impossibly heavy concepts. This paper intends to undergo an ethical reading of The Merchant of Venice, through the ideas of Emmanuel Kant and Jeremy Bentham. Consequent to the ethical reading of The Merchant of Venice, the artistic value(s) of it will be discussed; whether one is blessed with an artistic sense or otherwise is a question to be tended to.

Using Stanford’s Design Thinking Model at the Rural Village Level

Paul Lane, KC Christopher — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:03:03 +0000

A case history of a rural workshop using the Stanford Design Thinking Model in a -remote part of the Rio San Juan Nicaragua. The program is run under UNICAM UNAN-Managua believed to be the largest program of its kind.

It is a chance to see how both facilitators and participants can learn in very simple settings. It is a chance to understand what kinds of things are impacting the lives of rural people in their quest for the basics of existence such as food and water.

Most of all it is a living action of the dream of bringing top level education to the rural people of Nicargua. All the action takes place in a simple rancho at the edge of the Rio San Juan where participants come by canoe, and by foot.

Poverty Alleviation Programme and Poverty Reduction in Anambra State. Evidence from Women Business Ownership

Joan N. Ozoh, Amaka G. Metu, Chukwuka Stephen M. , Chinwe Madueke — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:05:24 +0000

The fight against poverty is one of the key components of the development of any country. If the percentage of poor people is high, there will be slow development. The government policies and program such as YOUWIN, Better Life is aimed at encouraging entrepreneurship and supporting women into business. Despite these efforts, poverty incidence still increases among women in micro business. This study examined government alleviation programs and dimension of poverty among women into micro business in Anambra state, Nigeria. It is a descriptive survey research. Probability and non- probability sampling technique were employed in which the samples were drawn using multi-stage sampling and purposive sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). The findings of this study showed that most women participating in micro business are not aware of poverty reduction programs and do not have access to such programs. The study also found out that most of the women still experience hardship, no access to infrastructure, no good health care system and low standard of living which indicates that poverty has not reduced. The study recommended among others that the government should target its reduction policies towards the multidimensional indicators (good infrastructure, good health care system etc.) of poverty in order to eradicate poverty.

A study on the bridge of music intelligence to Chinese comprehension

Wei-Yu Liu — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:07:47 +0000

This study aims to use the theory of multiple intelligences to explore the strategies of music intelligence bridging Chinese comprehension and their impacts on students’ learning. An action research was conducted since the purposes of this study are both to test multiple intelligences theory and to improve Chinese teaching.

Several models and approaches have been developed to apply multiple intelligences theory into practice in K-8 classrooms. Baum et al (2005) identified five pathways to apply multiple intelligences theory in the elementary classroom; they are Explorations, Building on Strengths, Understanding, Authentic Problems, and Talent Development. While Viens and Kallenbach (2004) labeled the first fourth as MI Reflections, Bridging Students' Areas of Strengths to Areas of Challenge, Entry/Exit Points, and Projects.

The approach of Bridging Students' Areas of Strengths to Areas of Challenge is to create a "bridge" from students' MI strengths to appropriate learning strategies, emphasizing using students' particular strengths to assist in areas of particular difficulty (Viens & Kallenbach, 2004). The models of Vocabulary-in-Song bridging Chinese reading comprehension was built and discussed. Teaching skills which must be coupled with the bridging model were discussed. The hope and limitation of Vocabulary-in-Song bridging Chinese reading comprehension were showed.

“Percepción de la Temperatura Climatológica en el Turismo y en Residentes de la Isla de Mallorca”

José M.ª Torrens Calleja — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:08:57 +0000

El presente artículo de percepción climatológica se basa en encuestas realizadas a turistas que han pernoctado en la Ciudad de Palma y han explorado la isla de Mallorca. Otros encuestados vinculantes han sido grupos de estudiantes de Geografía de Mallorca. Se interpretan los datos de percepción del turismo y población local. Al igual los datos de la serie climatológica del puerto y aeropuerto de la ciudad de Palma de Mallorca. La metodología se realiza con entrevistas personales dando a conocer su vinculación con el saber del clima que se percibe en Mallorca. Los resultados muestran dicha percepción que se puede ajustar o no a la realidad climatológica. El conocimiento de la isla se interpreta mediante preconceptos de la información meteorológica previa al realizar el viaje, por la experiencia en la isla y también por experiencia de visitas anteriores al territorio de Mallorca.

Organizing vocational education and training in schools: A case study of Australian Governments’ educational policies

Guihua CUI — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:10:03 +0000

Australian Governments of different levels have initiated and carried out some policies to reform vocational education and training in schools to ensure school to work successful transition. This article takes the New Framework as the target policy for analysis, supplemented by other related policies to investigate Governments’ purposes, principles and measures for organizing vocational education and training in schools. Dramaturgical coding method, together with excerpt-commentary analysis, has been adopted in the policy analysis. It is found that the partnerships among different levels and different agencies are key to the organizational changes in the success of vocational education and training in schools in effecting a seamless work/study transition. This approach offers an informed representation of the information that is conveyed in the New Framework by vividly interpreting its terms and conventions. The most important factor promoted by these policies was the promotion of partnerships between schools and industries.

EFL Students’ English Listening Comprehension Problem: A study of English Teacher Education Program

Sarjaniah Zur — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:11:31 +0000

Listening comprehensively is one of the way to build EFL students’ Listening skill, however, they still got problem in different phase of listening. The aimed of the study to identified the listening comprehension problem of EFL students during take English teacher program, the data was collected from Muhammadiyah university students in Kendari. This descriptive study used the listening comprehension problem questionnaire. The result of the study showed that the students still got difficulty in all three phases of listening problem, they are perception, parsing and utilization, moreover, the highest problems was in perception problem. So this problem is highly influence their quality of listening skill. This findings are expected to be a good implication for the lecturer in designing course and listening teaching strategy.

Cultural Factors Associated With Criminal Male Behavior And Inmate Population

Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:12:34 +0000

Over the last decade, crime has reached unprecedented levels causing violent death in Mexico. To establish factors that potentially can facilitate crime, as well as the status of emotional wellbeing presented in prison population, the present study was realized with a sample composed of 299 inmates of the Federal Center for Social Reinsertion in Oaxaca, Mexico. The questionnaire was specifically developed, designed and applied to evaluate this population, analyzing sociodemographic factors and four Likert scales: substance consumption (drugs and alcohol), domestic violence and depressive symptoms. Reliability was adequate (Cronbach's Alpha= .703) and the instrument validity showed appropriate relations between the reagents of each scale. Results showed -through Chi Square analysis- statistically significant differences in the correlations between sociodemographic factors, domestic violence, addictions and depressive symptoms. Results reported that most of inmates were between 28 and 47 years old (51.8%), with a low educational level (elementary school 42.5%), in consensual union (42.5%), high and severe levels of alcohol consumption (43.5% of the cases) and reported presence of high and severe level of depression (28.9% of the cases). The results are part of a national study of all Federal Centers for Social Reinsertion System in Mexico, in order to developed intervention strategies used in prison to prevent crime.

Women's Education: An Important Tool for Birth Reduction? A GMM - Poisson Regression Model Approach

Ali Yedan — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:13:41 +0000

Burkina Faso is a country with a shallow level of woman’s education. However, it is one of the most fertile countries. This paper analyzes whether the education of women reduces the number of births and the Total Fertility Rate in Burkina Faso. It also predicts the average number of births per woman and the Total Fertility Rate if women were better educated. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys, I model the two-stage Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with the Heckman model and Poisson regression. The results show that the high fertility in Burkina Faso is mainly due to the low level of the woman’s education. The post-primary education increases the age at first birth. The number of births per woman would be decreased in the quarter and the Total Fertility Rate would pass from 5.4 to 3.6 if all women had at least completed the primary school. If all women had at least an incomplete secondary school, the number of births per woman would halve and the Total Fertility Rate would become 2.0. The government would do better to improve the education system allowing a good education for all, especially for women if it intends to reduce fertility.

Factors Affecting Income of Pineapple Small Farmers: Case Study at Tangkit Baru Village, Jambi Province, Indonesia

boris kaido — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:14:50 +0000

This study was conducted in Tangkit baru village, Jambi Province, Indonesia. The Study area was selected purposively based on this village which has produced the highest pineapple conducted by small farmers in Jambi Province. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the income of a small farmer pineapple in Tangkit baru village. The study aims were analyzed in descriptive methods and multiple linear regression analysis. The number of respondents was taken in the Slovin method, with 42 respondents. Data collection used the interview method with the questionnaire conducted directly in the study area. The data were analyzed quantitatively, the results study showed that all variables affected the farmer’s income, it was seen as a significance value of 0.000 < α 5%. Partially, the variables that affect the farmer’s income are field scale (X7) and labor factor (X6), while the variables that have no significant effect on pineapple small farmer’s income are the land rent (X4) and fertilizer (X1).

The Sociological Logic of the Evolution of Fiscal Thought

qing han — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:15:55 +0000

Public finance is a social science which has a strong interdisciplinary attributes, and its study approach should not be limited on economics side. As a discipline that studies fiscal phenomena from a social perspective, fiscal sociology provides another way to study fiscal problem. Most of the previous studies on the history of fiscal thought focus on the fiscal thought，and give a little considerations on the institutional factors. This research approach will separated the political attributes of fiscal thought. Based on the perspective of fiscal sociology, this research studies the logic of the evolution of fiscal thought. The result shows that the class struggle, especially tax struggle, drives the evolution of the social system and determines the basic characteristics of the pattern of the public finance, both of them determine the basic characteristics of the fiscal thought. In addition, fiscal thought also reflects the ideology and demands of the class to some extent. Therefore, in affirming the rationality of Western fiscal theory, it is also necessary to consider the applicability.

Fiscal Thoughts and Their Evolution before the 19th Century

qing han — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:19:08 +0000

The tradition of English classical public finance thinks the government are out of the society and can intervene it. Base on former thought and the market failure theory, the mainstream public finance has a clear tendency to oppose the market and the government. This approach not only ignored the political functions of government but also cannot explain the PPP and NPM. The cameralism’s view of the government provided new ideas for explaining this issue. Through the analysis and comparison of the financial thoughts of Britain and Germany before the 19th century, this paper clarifies the evolutionary logic of British fiscal thought, compares the similarities and differences between the British and German financial thoughts. Besides this paper also discusses the roots of these two traditions view of the government. The fiscal theory of cameralism not only reflects the subjective initiative of the government but also conforms to the reality of our country. These traditions interdisciplinary research tendency should also be re-emphasized.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF TEACHER EFFECTIVENESS , A CASE OF TEACHER PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND DEVELOPMENT TOOL IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NYANDARUA SOUTH SUB- COUNTY, KENYA

Khatete Ibrahim — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:20:01 +0000

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the monitoring and evaluation of teacher effectiveness a case of Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development tool (TPAD) in public secondary schools in Nyandarua South Sub-county, Nyandarua County, Kenya. The study was set to achieve three objectives; To determine the influence of teacher clog in and clog out exercise on teacher performance in public secondary schools in Nyandarua South Sub-county, Nyandarua county Kenya, to examine the influence of teachers’ class registers on teacher performance in public secondary schools and to determine the influence of teachers adherence to school deadlines on their performance in public secondary schools. The study was guided by Performance Appraisal Model and benefited from descriptive survey research design. The target population was all 18 public secondary schools in Nyandarua south sub-county. The respondents were 18 Principals, 18 deputy Principals 20 H.O.D s and 90 teachers being a sample size of 30 percent of the entire public school population. Teachers were sampled using simple random sampling to obtain five teachers in every sampled school, totaling to 90 teachers. Questionnaires, interview guide and document analysis guide formed the instruments used for data collection. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze collected data. The study findings revealed that monitoring of teachers on their reporting on duty and leaving from duty improved the teachers stayed in school hence more contact time between teachers and learners in school, the monitoring of teacher class attendance improved teachers’ syllabus coverage. A majority of the schools are completing the syllabus coverage in time. The teachers are now able to do revision as they prepare students for examinations and promotion to the next grades. The meeting of deadlines has created a positive culture among the teachers in the schools. The teachers now look at meeting the deadlines set by the schools as a good thing that is making them more responsible. Lastly the strategies being used to monitor teachers attendance on their duties has resulted into impressive performance of teacher in their duties. Based on the findings and Conclusions of the study, it is recommended that TPAD tool for monitoring teachers on time management should be emphasized. The practice should be borrowed and applied to other areas of school operations.

Evaluating the economic impact of a preventative seismic legislation in Ecuador

Juan Ponce, Andrés Salazar — Wed, 22 Jan 2020 04:21:05 +0000

At the end of 2013 a compulsory inspection policy was introduced in Quito-Ecuador to ensure that new buildings complied with seismic resistant design requirements. This policy could affect the economic sector of construction by increasing the cost of buildings. It is in this context that this paper analyses the economic impact of the new construction policy. Given that this policy only applied to the canton of Quito and not to any other canton in Ecuador, the paper creates a synthetic control group on the basis of infrastructure and socio-economic data of the fifteen most heavily populated cantons in the country. The results show a statistically significant and negative impact. In other words, although the new policy succeeded in improving the seismic resistant quality of buildings in the canton of Quito, at the same time it had a negative effect on the per capita gross value added of the construction sector.