Surgical Site Infections: Epidemiological, Clinical and Bacteriological Aspects in the Urology Department of the Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14738/jbemi.96.13462Keywords:
Surgical Site Infections, Urology, Saint-Louis, Senegal.Abstract
Introduction: Surgical site infections occur within 30 days or one year after operation. They are important factors of morbidity and mortality in surgery, with a significant economic impact especially in developing countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, rate is estimated between 6.8-26% and 3.36% in Senegal. The objective of this study was to evaluate SSI in urology of Regional Hospital of Saint-Louis and study bacteria isolated. Material and Method: A prospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted in urology department with patients operated on and hospitalized from february 2019 to january 2020 and who presented suppuration of surgical site. Samples were taken by swabbing wound or by puncture. Microbiology examination was done by microscopic, culture and identification of bacteria who were tested with antibiotics according to the CA-SFM 2019. Data entry was done with Excel 2019 and analysed by SPSS version 22. Results : 134 patients were concerned witch mean of age 49.69 years and the most risk factors were hypertension (23.88%), and diabetes (5.97%). Stage I (70.90%) of ASA and stage I (37.31%) of Altemeier were predominant. Eighteen patients (13.43%) had an SSI and 27 bacterial strains were isolated with predominance of enterobacteria (81.5%). Six isolates produced extended spectrum beta-lactamase with multi-resistant bacteria associated by longer hospital stay. Conclusion: Surgical Site Infections are a real factor of morbidity and mortality in surgery. In addition, increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant makes treatment more difficult. It is urgent to set up a system of coordinated control of these SSI and all action undertaken must be multidisciplinary.
References
Di Benedetto C, Bruno A, Bernasconi E. Infection du site chirurgical : facteurs de risque, prévention, diagnostic et traitement. Revue Médicale Suisse. 2013, 401.
Borrios-Torres SI, Umscheid CA, Bratzler DW and all. Center for Desease Control and Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 2017. JAMMA Surg 2017; 152:784
Anderson DJ, Kirkland KB, Kaye KS, Thacker PA, Kanafani ZA, Auten G, et al. Underresourced hospital infection control and prevention programs: penny wise, pound foolish? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007;28:767–73. https://doi.org/10.1086/518518.
Stone PW. Economic burden of healthcare-associated infections: an American perspective. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research. 2009; 9(5): 417-422.
Stone PW, Braccia D, Larson E. Systematic review of economic analyses of health care-associated infections. Am J Infect Control 2005;33:501–9.
Mounier M, Descottes B, Moreau J-J, Gueye M, Fourcade L, Gainant A, et al. Surveillance continue des infections du site opératoire (ISO) au CHU de Limoges, France, de 2002 à 2007: méthode et résultats. Bulletin Epidémiologique Hebdomadaire, 2009;6:49-53.
Peyronnet B, Pradere B, Brichart N, Bodin T, Bertrand P, Atassi A, et al. Complications Associated With Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate: Categorization by a Panel of GreenLight Users According to Clavien Score and Report of a Single-center Experience. Urology 2014;84:657-64.
Réseau d’Alerte, d’Investigation et de Surveillance des Infections Nosocomiales (Raisin) 2011 : Surveillance des infections du site opératoire en France de 1999 à 2004. InVS, 2006.
Ngaroua, Ngah JE, Bénet T, Djibrilla Y. Incidence des infections du site opératoire en Afrique sub-saharienne: revue systématique et méta-analyse. Pan Afr Med J 2016;24.
M’HAMED SAK. Les Infections du site opératoire en urologie : impact sur la prise en charge des patients. Thèse Médecine, 2017, N°182. Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Sénégal.
Ousmane A, Laouali HAM, Amadou O, Ousseini A, Lawanou HM, Boubou L, et al. Aspects épidémiologiques et bactériologiques des infections du site opératoire (ISO) dans les services de chirurgie à l’Hôpital National de Niamey (HNN). The Pan African Medical Journal 2018;31.
Santé Publique France. Surveillance des infections du site opératoire dans les établissements de santé français. Mission Spicmi, 2020, données 2018 du réseau ISO Raisin. Saint-Maurice : Santé publique France, 2020. 104 p. Disponible à partir de l’URL : www.santepubliquefrance.fr (accessed June 29, 2021).
Chadli M, Rtabi R, Alkandry S, Koek JL and al. Incidence des infections du site opératoire étude prospective à l’hôpital militaire d’instruction Mohamed-V de Rabat, Maroc. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses. 2005; 35(4): 218-222.
Tanguy J, Aupee M. Surveillance des infections du site opératoire, France 2014. Réseau d'alerte d'investigation et de surveillance des infections nosocomiales (RAISIN). 2016; 157 p. (accessed July 2, 2021).
Cassell A, Yunusa B, Jalloh M, Ndoye M, Mbodji MM, Diallo A, et al. Management of Advanced and Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Need for a Sub-Saharan Guideline. J Oncol 2019;2019:1785428.
Diabaté I, Ouédraogo B, Thiam M. [Acute scrotal swellings at Louga Regional Hospital, Senegal: epidemiologic, etiologic and therapeutic aspects]. Pan Afr Med J 2016;24:214.
Eveillard M, Delbos V, Cambuzat D, Enon B, Picquet J, Joly-Guillou M-L. [Surgical-site infections following varicose vein surgery according to a continuous series of 408 interventions in a teaching hospital]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 2011;59:e37-42.
Lepelletier D, Bourigault C, Roussel JC, Lasserre C, Leclère B, Corvec S, et al. Epidemiology and prevention of surgical site infections after cardiac surgery. Med Mal Infect 2013;43:403–9.
Atif ML, Azouaou A, Bouadda N, Bezzaoucha A, Si-Ahmed M, Bellouni R. Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in a general surgery department in Algeria. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2015;63:275-9.
Roumbelaki M, Kritsotakis EI, Tsioutis C, Tzilepi P, Gikas A. Surveillance of surgical site infections at a tertiary care hospital in Greece: incidence, risk factors, microbiology, and impact. Am J Infect Control 2008;36:732–8.
Hajjar J, Girard R, et al. L’hygiène en anesthésie et au bloc opératoire : Techniques Hospitalières. La Revue Des Technologies de La Santé 2001; 655:37-44.
Seni J, Najjuka CF, Kateete DP, Makobore P, Joloba ML, Kajumbula H, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized surgical patients: a silently emerging public health concern in Uganda. BMC Res Notes 2013;6:298.
Lo S, Ka R, Ba Diallo A, Diallo OF, Diagne R, Dia ML, Sarr AM, Sow AI.: Sensibilité aux antibiotiques des entérobactéries isolées d’urines au Centre Hospitalier Régional de Saint Louis (Sénégal) de juin 2011 à juillet 2012. Rev. CAMES SANTE, 2014, 2 (2): 25-28.
Manyahi J, Matee MI, Majigo M, Moyo S, Mshana SE, Lyamuya EF. Predominance of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens causing surgical site infections in Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania. BMC Res Notes 2014;7:500.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Seynabou Lo, Niang Khadim, Diakhaby Mba El Hadji Bambo, Thiam Issa, Niang Aissatou Ahmet, Sarr Habibou, Diallo Fatoumata
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
