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British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research - Vol. 9, No. 1
Publication Date: February, 25, 2022
DOI:10.14738/jbemi.91.11572. Lin, Y., Chen, C., Chen, H., Hung, Y., Chang, Y., Chi, T., Lin, C., Chen, G., Huang, P., Wu, T., Lu, Y., Chiu, C., Chiu, C., Chiu, H., Tsai, W.,
& Hung, S. (2022). Establishment of a Surgery-Induced Osteoarthritis Rat Model. British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research,
9(1). 1-15.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Establishment of a Surgery-Induced Osteoarthritis Rat Model
Yu-Hsing Lin
Bachelor Degree Program in Pet Healthcare
Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Xiangshan
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Chia-Chi Chen
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Hsiao-Yun Chen
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Ying-Ching Hung
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Yun-Xuan Chang
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Tzu-Yun Chi
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Chia-Yu Lin
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Guan-Hong Chen
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Ping-Min Huang
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Tsung-Han Wu
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research (BJHMR) Vol 9, Issue 1, February - 2022
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Yen-Jung Lu
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Chien-Chao Chiu
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Ching-Feng Chiu
Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences
College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
Hsuan-Wen Chiu
Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Wei-Huang Tsai
Department of Science and Technology
Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei 100, Taiwan
Shao-Wen Hung
Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Research Center
Agricultural Technology Research Institute, Xiangshan, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology
Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
ABSTRACT
The degenerative arthritis has been a common knee joint disease in Taiwan. In mild
cases of degenerative arthritis, it may just be a little uncomfortable to walk, but
severe degenerative arthritis will cause difficulty in walking and even loss of basic
mobility. The loss of articular cartilage in degenerative arthritis is irrecoverable.
Currently, the degeneration of the knee joint can be easily divided into three levels
based on its severity: primary, intermediate, and severe. The choice of treatments
for degenerative arthritis will vary in according to different levels that is mainly
divided into the non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Therefore, how to
prevent knee joint degeneration is an important issue. In this study, anterior
cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) plus medial meniscectomy (MMx) surgery
were used to established a rat model with degenerative arthritis. According to all
data, we have successfully established a rat model with degenerative arthritis via
ACLT-MMx surgery. We wish this model will applied on the research of degenerative
arthritis drugs and the design of therapeutic strategies for degenerative arthritis in
the future.
Keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament transection, degenerative arthritis, medial
meniscectomy, osteoarthritis, rat model, surgery
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Lin, Y., Chen, C., Chen, H., Hung, Y., Chang, Y., Chi, T., Lin, C., Chen, G., Huang, P., Wu, T., Lu, Y., Chiu, C., Chiu, C., Chiu, H., Tsai, W., & Hung, S.
(2022). Establishment of a Surgery-Induced Osteoarthritis Rat Model. British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research, 9(1). 1-15.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/jbemi.91.11572
INTRODUCTION
Osteoarthritis (OA, osteoarthritis), commonly known as degenerative arthritis, has always been
a common knee joint disease in Taiwan. The main symptom of OA is "pain", especially under
the weight bearing. In mild cases of OA, it may just be a little uncomfortable to walk.
Administration of medicine will be good and attenuated the mild OA, but severe OA will cause
difficulty in walking and even loss of basic mobility.[1-3] The knee joints are the people’s largest
joint and they are responsible for the body’s freedom of movement. The knee joints must bear
3-5 times the body weight every day. Therefore, the wear of the “articular cartilage” can be
expected. The loss of articular cartilage is "irrecoverable" in OA, so the prevention of wear or
how to prevent knee joint degeneration is an important issue.[4].
In clinical, many OA patients commonly ask what they should eat to maintain their knee joints.
In fact, the real effective prevention is "reducing the burden on the knee joints", including body
weight control, the unnecessary weight-bearing work reduction, the overloaded exercise avoid
etc. However, there is not just one cause for the degradation of articular cartilage, and there are
even many reasons that have not been explored. Therefore, when considering which treatment
to choose to maintain the knee joints, don't forget that "reducing the burden on the knee joints"
is definitely a more important method.[5].
Currently, the degeneration of the knee joints can be easily divided into three levels based on
its severity: primary, intermediate, and severe. The choice of treatments for OA, will vary
according to different levels, is mainly divided into the non-surgical treatment and surgical
treatment. Because OA is still an irreversible disease so far, the goal of treatment is basically to
improve the OA symptoms and cannot change the state of degeneration on the knee joints. The
treatment of primary regression is based on anti-inflammatory drugs plus rest, which can be
improved for the most OA patients. For OA patients with mid-stage degeneration, if the drug is
not effective, further examinations are required to find out the causes, including magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) and full-length X-rays of the limbs, etc. If the main cause of OA is
found, the surgical treatment can be based on the cause, including corrective surgery or half- knee artificial joint replacement. Severe OA is mostly considered total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
According to the statistics in Taiwan, the proportion of Taiwanese undergoing TKA surgery
each year is increasing year by year. Because of the increase in average life expectancy, the
Taiwanese’s sports climate is becoming more and more popular and the proportion of many
elderly patients, especially those over 80 years old, undergoing surgery has increased a lot.
Although the effect of artificial joint replacement is well, the useful life and some complications
that may occur are still problems that cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, the other
methods for treatment will be tried for younger OA patients. [1-3; 6-8].
With the continuous progress of related research and the advancement of medical technology,
we have a better understanding of the causes of knee joint degeneration and treatments have
become more diversified. Through more detailed examination and evaluation, we can discuss
more suitable surgical treatments with OA patients. For example, the proximal osteotomy
corrective surgery is to reduce the pressure on the inside of the knee joint by correcting the O- leg to improve the OA symptoms, thereby eliminating the need to replace the artificial joints. In
addition, the Taiwan’s government has passed the cell therapy bill and some OA patients can
even regenerate cartilage through surgery and cell therapy. These treatment methods all hope
that OA patients can avoid artificial joint replacement or delay the age of artificial joint