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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol.7, No.8
Publication Date: August 25, 2020
DOI:10.14738/assrj.77.8717.
Paniago, R. N., Nunes, P. G., Pamplona, R. S., Sarmento, T., & Moraes, S. S. (2020). Sociological Perspectives For The Study And Analysis
Of Educational Organizations. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(8) 108-117.
Sociological Perspectives For The Study And Analysis Of Educational
Organizations
Rosenilde Nogueira Paniago
Instituto Federal de Educação,
Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Rio Verde, Brasil.
Patrícia Gouvêa Nunes
Instituto Federal de Educação,
Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Rio Verde, Brasil.
Renata Silva Pamplona
Instituto Federal De Educação, Ciência E Tecnologia Goiano
Campus Rio Verde, Brasil
Teresa Sarmento
Instituto de Educação da
Universidade do Minho, Portugal
Simone de Sousa Moraes
Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental,
Professora Selva Campos Monteiro, Rio Verde Brasil.
ABSTRACT
In this text we present a discussion on some theoretical models that
support the study of educational organizations, focusing on
bureaucratic and anarchic models in an integrative perspective, dual,
supported by the diptych mode of operation proposed by Lima [9],[10].
The study aims to present sociological perspectives for the
understanding and interpretation of educational organizations focusing
on bureaucratic and anarchic models. It is, therefore, a theoretical essay
of qualitative approach, based on bibliographical research as the
theoretical support.
INTRODUCTION
In this article we present sociological perspectives for the study of educational organizations,
signaling some of the main paradigms and theoretical models that support research on educational
organizations. The objective was to present some of the possibilities of bureaucratic and anarchic
models for the understanding and interpretation of educational organizations.
The construction of this theoretical essay was anchored in our experience as teachers of Basic
Education and the training of teachers in Higher Education Institutions, as researchers and
especially the participation in research and formative experience in the Institute of Education of the
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URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.78.8717 109
Paniago, R. N., Nunes, P. G., Pamplona, R. S., Sarmento, T., & Moraes, S. S. (2020). Sociological Perspectives For The Study And Analysis Of Educational
Organizations. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(8) 108-117.
University of Minho, during the doctorate and post-doctorate in which, in light of the theoretical- conceptual references studied in curricular units, which dealt with the Sociology of Education and
the Organization of Educational Institutions, taught by teachers with renowned production in this
theoretical field, such as Professor Lícinio Lima, we were able to discuss theoretical and practical
elements on the models of an interpretative analytical nature, which focus beyond the official,
formal, structures, the actions that actually occur in school educational organizations. Among the
factors that justify the use of the models of analysis of educational organizations, we can argue that
pedagogical practices, the diverse heterogeneous relationships that materialize in the daily life of
educational institutions, are indispensable elements for the understanding of the formative process
that materializes in there.
Educational institutions are complex, historical, dynamic and constantly moving contexts;
therefore, even if the guidelines prescribed in official documents are homogeneous for all schools,
even if it is possible to identify socio-cultural characteristics in different schools, there are elements
that are unique in the school context, which are the hidden structures [18] of educational
organizations, resulting from the set of relationships of the specific group of people in these
institutions.
In light of the above, the present text is a theoretical essay, so we have already stated that we are
aware of the limitation of this production, given the various possibilities of analysis models of
organizations. Therefore, even at the risk of a piecemeal apprehension of these conceptual- theoretical references, we will focus especially on the bureaucratic and anarchic models from a dual
integrative perspective, sustained by the diptych mode of operation proposed by Lima [9], in which
the author configures a theoretical framework of the models in two distinct poles: 1) on the one
hand, the rational-bureaucratic and social system perspectives that group other models, which
emphasize the objectives, planning, connection, conjunction, and order of educational
organizations; 2) on the other hand, there are the perspectives of organized anarchy, ambiguity, and
the political model that attract other models, and focus on the uncertainties, conflicts, cultural
aspects, and subjectivity of the actors of educational organizations. We will also add the importance
of a dialogical perspective in interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary postures for the understanding
of the various nuances that involve educational institutions.
The study was fundamentally based in Lima [9], [11], adding theorists Bush [1], Morgan [13],
Ellström [5], Silva [17], Torres [18], Cohen, March &Olsen [2], Moraes [12], Nicolescu [14],
D`Ambrósio [4] and also including us, Paniago and Sarmento T. [15]. We have chosen to present the
text outlined in two topics: the educational organization as an object of sociological study; the
diptychical way of functioning of educational organizations: face A - school as organized anarchy
and face B - school in the bureaucratic perspective.
THE EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION AS AN OBJECT OF SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY
The educational organizations as object of sociological study have, according to Lima [9], revealed
themselves to be a fertile field of studies. The educational organizations as object of sociological
study have, according to Lima [9], revealed themselves to be a fertile field of studies. A fragmented
view of school reality does not make it possible to capture the educational phenomena in their
totality. However, no matter how much we use various lenses, models of analysis, it will not be