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91
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol.7, No.7
Publication Date: July 25, 2020
DOI:10.14738/assrj.77.8581.
Gintings, A., Kusuma, A. N., & Fathomi, N. (2020). Students’ Learning Activities In Executing Policy Of Study From Home (Sfh) As
Response Over Covid-19 Pandemic (Case Study: City of Serang). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(7) 91-105.
Students’ Learning Activities In Executing Policy Of Study From
Home (Sfh) As Response Over Covid-19 Pandemic (Case Study: City
of Serang)
Abdorrakhman Gintings
Professor, Education Policy,
Universitas Feletehan.
Andiko Nugraha Kusuma
SKM, MKM, 14Lecturer, Public Health Science,
Universitas Faletehan.
Ns. Fathoni
S. Kep., M. Kep., Lecturer of Nursing Science,
Universitas Faletehan.
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected human life. Indonesia
Government issued policy on SFH (Study from Home) to respond this
situation. This research tried to find out the effectiveness of
implementation of that policy on the students both in state and private
Junior High Schools (SMP), Senior High Schools (SMA), and Vocational
High Schools (SMK). Data was collected from the distributed closed- ended and open-ended questions to 180 students in City of Serang,
Banten Province, Indonesia. The scores ranged from minimum 1.00 as
Very Poor and 5.00 as Very Good. The implementation of SFH resulted
Mean score 2.7911, which was in Fair category. The independent T-Test
with probability value 0.05 showed that there were no differences on
performances of the school groups, except between the Junior High
School (SMP) and Senior High School (SMA) with Vocational High School
(SMK). The dominant problems were less various learning design, non- interactive learning, too much assignment, less optimum learning on
practical courses for students of Vocational School, less experienced
teacher in distance learning, less assistance by parents, and cost for
using social media. To sum up, distance-learning SFH was not effectively
executed for there were technical problems related to the
unpreparedness of the stakeholders, including the government. It is
recommended that the implementation of SFH is made lesson learned as
the input to design the education providence in new normal era
including methods, management, and funding.
Keywords: Covid-19, Study from Home, Learning Activity.
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URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.77.8581 92
Gintings, A., Kusuma, A. N., & Fathomi, N. (2020). Students’ Learning Activities In Executing Policy Of Study From Home (Sfh) As Response Over Covid-19
Pandemic (Case Study: City of Serang). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 7(7) 91-105.
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Since the global spread of Covid-19 entered Indonesia, Indonesia government has implemented
various policies to overcome the virus. One of them is social distancing, which aims to stop the
transmission of the virus. This policy was followed up by supporting policy, including Study from
Home (SFH). The implementation of SFH is stated on Minister of Education and Culture’s Circular
No. 4 of 2000 on 9 March 2000, on The Implementation of Education Policy in Emergency Time over
Covid_19 Outbreak. The point of the circular is to implement SFH for a while so the students and the
entire schools can avoid the Covid_19 outbreak.
Unfortunately, the content of the first circular on SFH does not clearly and concretely assert how
the technical implementation of SFH should be executed. This was why every school interpreted the
SFH on their own perspectives. They initiated to execute the SFH within their own strategies. Still,
the implementation of learning looked strongly as trial-and-error. This was because SFH, whose
point is distance learning, was brand new for the teachers, students, parents, and regular schools’
stakeholders. We can imagine that it is hard to achieve the qualified education within various
learning settings.
The less conducive situation was later responded by the Indonesia’s Minister of Education and
Culture by issuing a second circular No. 36962/fr1PK.A/HK/2020 on online learning and work from
home in order to avoid the outbreak of Covid_19. The circular attached 8 websites as the means for
online learning which covered facilities for independent learning, including online schools, both for
the teachers and for the students.
The Policies of Indonesia’s Minister of Education and Culture on SFH, which focused on the online
learning systems, has agitated the people. There were three concerns after the second Circular had
been issued. First, every teacher executed the learning on their own ways. Second, the
implementation of online learning was obstructed by the teacher’s incompetency in utilizing
software of IT-based learning. They merely utilized their mobile phone to send learning material by
SMS or WhatsApp. Third, some places were found impossible to conduct online learning because
they could not be reached by the electronic telecommunication system service.
Still, the parents were not ready to be teachers for their own children. Thus, as reported by Kompas
Online, the emergency situation due to the Covid_19 pandemic caused the parents giving up when
the online learning was still on progress. Meanwhile the students had to keep their longing for their
friends and schools. Responding to these less conducive situations, Minister of Education and
Culture issued the third circular No. 15 of 2020 on 18 May 2020 on Guidelines on The
Implementation of Study from Home in Emergency Time of the Covid_19 Outbreak.
The third Circular of Minister of Education and Culture provided more technical and detailed
guidelines. Besides that, the circular does not only mention the online but also offline learning
method to be applied in places where online learning is impossible to implement. However, SFH is
a new learning model in terms of technology utilized, learning strategy, and roles of every
stakeholder. Thus, this research tried to provide depiction on how effective was the implementation
of SFH for the students of Junior High School (SMP), Senior High School (SMA), and Vocational High
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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol.7, Issue 7, July-2020
School (SMK), either the state or the private ones, in Serang City, Indonesia, during the outbreak of
Covid-19.
Research Questions
This research tried to answer these questions:
1. How effective is Study from Home implemented in schools in Serang City?
2. Is there any different performance of SFH regarding to the level and status of schools in the
city?
3. What are the problems faced by the stakeholders to implement SFH?
4. Based on the two previous questions, what follow-ups can the government (the Minister of
Education and Culture) do in order to implement the education during new normal era?
LITERATURE REVIEW
Distance Learning
Jalil (1994, p24) defines distance learning as “...the education delivered by media to its participants
whose locations are distant from the education providers.” From this definition, he continues, the
quality of distance learning is determined by two factors: the design of learning material, including
the test and practical materials, and learning multimedia, either electric or non-electric (1994, p24).
Based on its main characteristic, which is the different physical locations of teachers and students,
there are two main components of distance learning system. They are instructional system and
evaluation-test system. Instructional system that is comprehensively set will guarantee the effective
and efficient implementation on learning process, meanwhile the valid and reliable evaluation-test
system will guarantee the learning results or outputs. Both systems should be synergistic, so the
implementation of learning process can actualize the qualified distance learning and equal with the
regular education. In Indonesia, Universitas Terbuka (Open University) as the executor of distance
learning for Higher Education, has officially been a part of national education system since 4
September 1993. Later, the distance learning on the levels of elementary and middle education
existed after Ministerial Decree of Republik Indonesia’s Minister of Education and Culture
No.053/U/1996 had been enacted.
The formal distance learning has been held since some decades ago. However, many parties are still
doubt whether this education mode can effectively function just like regular education in affective
domain of learning or not. These doubtful parties think that education on attitude learning is only
effective when it involves face-to-face learning activities between teacher and student.
Interpersonal relationship by face-to-face learning raises deep impression for the students.
According to them the deep impression of the moral messages conveyed by the teacher to students
who are physically separated is impossible to develop in students. However, this is considered as a
weak opinion. If indeed attitudes cannot be influenced remotely, why is an age limit needed to watch
adult films on television.
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGNS
Definition and Approach
Instructional design basically refers to arranging scenario to embody the process of effectively and
efficiently mastering competence by the students. The scenario covers hardware, software, and
steps to provoke and facilitate learning process by the students.