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Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 12, No. 2
Publication Date: February 25, 2025
DOI:10.14738/assrj.122.18180.
Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the
Diversification of Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social
Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-243.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and
Training in the Diversification of Processed Glutinous Rice
Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java)
A. Rusdiana
Department of Islamic Education Management,
Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training,
Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung State Islamic University Indonesia
Yani Suryani
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung State Islamic University Indonesia
Setia Mulyawan
Department of Management,
Faculty of Economy Business, Sunan Gunung Djati
Bandung State Islamic University Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Community empowerment becomes significant to do, considering the phenomenon
of the Cinyasagvillage Communityare considered not to be able to empower
it’sregion potential as a local potential with high economic value. This study aims to
identify community empowerment programs to realize a resilient and competitive
economy based on local potential. The research method used is the action research
method. Based on the root of the problem and in accordance with the action
research cycle consisting of design, action, observation and reflection. The results
of this study indicate that education and training in the diversification of processed
glutinous rice products can increase total turnover of production and increase
economic income of the farming community. This study recommends that; to create
a resilient and competitive economy based on local potential, the community needs
to be empowered and equipped with knowledge management, abilities, skills, and
entrepreneurial motivation. If, the production of "OpakMandiriCinyasag", wants to
survive more in marketing, it can learn from Opak Oded small and medium
enterprise in ConggeangSumedang by implementing Customer Relationship
Management
INTRODUCTION
The effort to improve the industry of processing agricultural products have challenges and
opportunities for the region and the community in order to increase economic growth and
average of income distribution, it is necessary to look for the specific potential of each region.
When the potential is known, it needs to be encouraged and developed. Cinyasag is one of the
villages in Ciamis Regency, West Java Province, located in the northern region, bordering
Kuningan District, and Majalengka, having a potential area for development based on
agribusiness. Located at an altitude of 105 m to 500 m above sea level, the climate is rather wet
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making it possible to develop commodities and diversify agribusiness-based food crops and
horticulture. The area is 497 Ha. The population is 4,600 people, density is 1/1000 m. Located
in the area of Ciamis Regency with 244,369 hectares. population of 1,774,032 people, growth
rate of 0.84 percent per year (Munawar, at.al., 2017). The carrying capacity of a strategic
geographical location has a quite positive impact on the development of various types of
superior plants. Ciamis Regency has a mainstay area with superior products that are well
known nationally and internationally, namely rice plants, one of its production centers is in
Cinyasag, Panawangan District. Growing lowland rice is ingrained for most farmers in
Indonesia. (BPS. Kab. Ciamis, 2018).
Map of Idonesia Map of West Java and Banten
Idonesia
Map of West Java
(after being separated from
Banten)
Map of Ciamisregency
(Cinyasagvillage of
Panawangan district)
Entrance gate of the village
Cinyasag village of
Panawangan districtCiamis
Regency
Public hall of Cinyasag
Panawangan district Ciamis
Regency
Figure 1: Location of Cinyasagvillage district of PanawanganCiamis regency, West Java Indonesia
Source: adapted from https://www.google.com/search?safe=strict&biw
Figure 2: Farming area of Cinyasag potential rice production
Sumber: https://www.google.com/search?q=Persawahan+Cinyasag+Ciamis+Jabar&safe
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Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the Diversification of
Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-
243.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.122.18180
Most of the population's livelihoods are farming, therefore the agricultural sector contributes
to the gross regional domestic product of food crops, fisheries, livestock and forestry.
One of the Medium-Term Development Plans (MTDP) for 2004-2019 is "Creating a resilient and
competitive local and community economy based on local superior potentials". Other policies
are stated in the Decree of the Regent of Ciamis No. 520 / Kpts.511-Huk / 2007 concerning the
Establishment of the Ciamis Regency Agropolitan Area. Ciamis Regency agropolitan area is the
northern region which includes 6 Districts (Cihaurbeuti District, Lumbung District, Panjalu
District, Panumbangan District, Sukamantri District and Panawangan District). The
establishment of the center for the development of the area is carried out by considering the
availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure. Agropolitan development centers can
spur other villages to help developing the potential of their villages (Henriyani, 2017).
Agropolitan area development is a form of development that combines agricultural
development (the rural base sector) with the industrial sector which has been centrally
developed in urban areas, certainly this concept basically provides services in rural areas or in
other terms used by Friedmann is "the city in a field". Farmers or villagers do not need to go to
the city to get services, both in terms of services related to production and marketing issues as
well as problems relating to social, cultural and daily needs. (Mahi, 2014): Programmed to
expand the network in accordance with regional development demands, the Ciamis Regency
agropolitan area has three priorities: First, areas with land designation that are important and
vital for the economic development of the city / village. Second, the area which is domiciled as
a service center for rural areas as a center of agricultural production, and third, the equal
distribution of services in all rural areas. (Henriyani, 2017).
Apart from the government program being echoed, so far, the community knows that the
glutinous rice production centerin Ciamis Regency is only in the Pamarican District area.
Despite of variousfosteringare more focused in various villages and sub-districts in west and
south areas of Ciamis Regency. Less people know that there are also centers of glutinous rice
production in Cinyasag Village, many farmers who cultivate glutinous rice, with many amounts
of production, so there will be abundant glutinous rice during the harvest. This means that
Cinyasag Village has the potential as an agro-industrial area whose its superior product should
be developed.
Based on the results of the preliminary survey of Cinyasag Village farmers, so far from various
experiences, glutinous rice can be processed intoopak, rangginang, boder, wajit, tapeketan, and
so on, only to the level of meeting family consumption, especially at the celebration event. Most
people do not yet know if glutinous rice has high economic value potential. That is to be
assumed because they have not been touched bythe Agropolitan Development Program, as
programmed by the Ciamis Regency Government.
Whereas there is other economic potential besides rice production, in Cinyasag Villageon the
main road as the main route connecting Tasikmalaya to Cirebon, then to Central Java to the east,
via Kuningan and Cierebon. On the side of the road there are rows of restaurants as well as
centers for the sale of various local food products, so the market opportunity is quite significant
because it can be used as a promotional medium in marketing the processed glutinous rice
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products that can be developed by this village. This has not been taken into consideration by
regional government policies.
Figure 2: Economic potential of Cinyasag village
Source: research document (introduction study by 15 Sep 2019).
With this phenomenon, the opportunity for vertical diversification for the development of a
variety of processed glutinous rice has good prospects for development in the District of
Panawangan, especially Cinyasag Village. The village can be developed into an agro tourism
area that can support the development of Ciamis Regency Agropolitan. From the existing
phenomenon, it is interesting to study further the relationship between Community
Empowerment and Economic strengthening andvillage Community Empowerment Program
implemented in Cinyasag Village. From this fact, the statement of the problem in this study:
How is the implementation of the program "Empowering Peasant Communities through
Education and Training on Diversification of processed glutinous rice Products in the
framework of Strengthening the Economy in Ciamis Regency, West Java"?
Based on the above problem formulation, then the purpose of this research is to analyze how
Community Empowerment in supporting Economic Strengthening in Ciamis Regency is. This
research is expected to be useful both academically and practically, namely:
1. Enlarging and developing the repertoire of knowledge, about empowering rural
communities in full human development.
2. Contributing knowledge about the implementation of community development in
general development and village development in particular. In addition, it is also useful
as a reference for other researchers who will conduct similar studies.
3. Being input for the district government, Ciamis in formulating alternative policies,
especially in encouraging and increasing community participation in the
implementation of development, especially in the village community empowerment
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Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the Diversification of
Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-
243.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.122.18180
program, so that more satisfying results can be obtained which can ultimately foster
economic strengthening in Ciamis Regency.
METHODOLOGY
Literature review and field survey about the phenomenon of the Cinyasag Village farming
community were conducted. The action approach was also carried out based on the root of the
problem and in accordance with the action research cycle which consists of design, action,
observation and reflection.
The data collected in this study was first grouped and then processed manually, then translated
with the appropriate analysis method. The analysis was carried out, to conclude the strategy of
empowering Peasant Communities through the skills of opakketan entrepreneursto be used to
improve the knowledge and skills of processing opak sticky rice. This strategy will be carried
out several cycles that gradually teach the steps to develop empowerment activities to increase
entrepreneurship motivation.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Farmer Community Empowerment Program
The term empowerment can be linked to the process of social, economic and political
transformation (power). The concept of empowerment is basically an effort to make a fair and
civilized atmosphere of humanity to become more structurally effective, both in the life of
family, community, country, regional, international in the political, economic and others
(Rosita. 2017). This case, Nill and C. Mindrum call capacity building as a term used to build a
society through changes in itself, for example improving knowledge, skills, organizing
programs and so on (Setiasih, at., Al. 2017).
Embodiment, as a process, by which people become strong enough to participate in various
controls and be influent on events and institutions that affect their lives. This study is included
in the area of human resource management studies (Mahino 2018). The scope of empowerment
is not only at the individual level but also at the community level and its institutions, namely
instilling institutions of cultural values such as hard work, openness and responsibility
(Zakiyah, 2017).
Farmer empowerment is an activity that involves the participation and leadership of
empowered farmer groups. Community empowerment is an effort to make people independent
through the realization of the potential abilities they have. As for community empowerment, it
always involves two interrelated groups, namely the community as the empowered party and
the party that cares as the empowering party (Mardikanto, 2017).
The concept of empowerment can be understood in two contexts, namely: (1) Power in the
decision-making process with an emphasis on the important role of the Peasant Community;
(2) Empowerment in terms relating to the focus on the relationship between the empowerment
of Peasant Communities and their effects on men in diverse societies. Kindervatter emphasizes
the concept of empowerment as a process of giving strength in the form of education that aims
to foster awareness and sensitivity to social, economic and political developments so that
eventually they are able to improve and increase their position in society.
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Community Empowerment of Women's farmers is an effort to reallocate power through
changing social structures. The position of the Peasant Society will improve only when the
Peasant Society can be independent and able to master the decisions related to its life.
The reality of injustice for the Peasant Women's Community starts from marginalization, God's
creature number two, half price of men, as servants, dependent on men and even often treated
harshly or as half slaves as if positioning Women as a second-class community group, which
has an impact on reducing the rights of Peasant Communities including the right to education.
The condition of Peasant Communities in Indonesia in the field of education is still relatively
very low compared to men. The higher the level of education, the smaller the number of Peasant
Communities that tasted it. For this reason, an empowerment effort is needed (Mardikanto,
2017).
Qudsiah and Gustiawati (2017) state that women have two functions, namely the function of
kodratiyyah and insaniyyah. When a woman acts as a wife for her husband and mother for her
children, at that time she is playing her kodratiyyah function.
There are two characteristics of empowering Peasant Communities, namely: (1) as a reflection
of emancipatory interests that encourage communities to participate collectively in
development. (2) as a process of involving individuals or communities in the process of
enlightenment, collective awareness and organization so that they can participate. (Zakiyah,
2017).
Empowerment of Farming Communities, according to Ismah Salman, is one of the strategic
ways to increase the potential of Farming Communities and enhance the role of Farming
Communities in both the public and domestic domains. This can be done including by:
1. Dismantling the myth of the Peasant Society as a complement in the household. In
ancient times, there was a strong assumption in the community that the Peasant
Community was a koncowingking (a friend behind) for the husband as well as the
assumption of "swarganunutnerakakatut" (going to heaven, going to hell carried). The
word nunut and katut in Javanese have a passive connotation and have no initiative, so
that their fate is very dependent upon their husbands.
2. Giving a variety of skills to the Peasant Society can also be productive and does not
depend their fate on men. Various skills can be taught, including: sewing, embroidery
and entrepreneurship skills by making batik cloth and various types of food.
3. Providing the widest possible opportunity for the Peasant Community to be able to
attend or take as much education as possible. This is necessary considering the strength
of the community paradigm that the highest level of education of the Peasant
Community will be returned to the kitchen anyway. This is what resulted in the still low
(most) education for Peasant Communities (Sukino.2017).
The purpose of empowering the Peasant Community is to support and accelerate the
achievement of quality of life and equal partners between men and the Peasant Society which
are engaged in all fields or sectors. The success of empowering Peasant Communities is
everyone's dreambut to know success as a process, it can be seen from the indicators of the
achievement of its success (Sanjaya, et., Al.2016). The indicators for empowering the Peasant
Community are as follows:
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Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the Diversification of
Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-
243.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.122.18180
1. There are adequate facilities to support the Peasant Society to take as much education
as possible.
2. There is an increase in participation and enthusiasm of the Peasant Community to try to
obtain and obtain education and teach themselves. The increasing number of Peasant
Communities reaches higher education, so that the Peasant Communities have greater
opportunities in developing careers as well as men.
3. There is an increase in the number of Peasant Communities in the legislative, executive
and government institutions.
4. There is an increase in the involvement of Peasant Society activists in the education
empowerment campaign towards Peasant Communities (EfriSyamsul et al, 2016).
However, more than that all is the creation of egalitarian mindset and paradigm. Peasant
Communities must also be able to play an active role in several activities that are indeed
proportional. If all of this has been realized, the Farming Society is truly empowered.
The concept used is community participation, by Adisasmita, defined as the involvement and
involvement of community members in development, including activities in planning and
implementing development programs. Besides, Adisasmita says the increase in community
participation is one form of active social empowerment which orients the achievement of the
results of development carried out in the community (rural). Community empowerment is an
effort to use and manage rural community resources (HR) (Susetiawan, at., Al. (2018). Based
on the explanation above, it is necessary to provide guidance through various ways in
developing the competency ability and the quality of human resources (HR), science,
technology, and education. However, the competence of agro-industry actors will describe the
skills, knowledge, behavior, personal characteristics and motivation that will correlate with
success in running a business. All of this certainly requires the contribution of various
stakeholders involved, including the government itself. Therefore, the factor of production of
labor together with other factors of production, if used optimally will be able to increase
production to the maximum because every use of productive labor can almost always increase
production. Successful community empowerment needs to involve participation in all elements
of society.
Management of Education and Training for Diversification of Processed Glutinous Rice
Products
Management of Education and Training:
Education and training is the transfer of knowledge and skills from one person to another;
Edwin, B. Flippo defines exercise is as an activity to improve the knowledge and skills of an
employee in carrying out a particular job; According to Moekijat; there are 3 conditions that
must be met so that an activity can be called an exercise, namely: (1) Exercise must help the
community to increase its abilities; (2) Training must bring about changes in the habits of the
community, including its attitude towards work, in applying information and knowledge to
daily work; (3) Exercise must be related to a particular job (Ali Hasan, 2018).
Having regard to the provisions above, Training Management can be interpreted as training
management which includes training planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating.
There are two benefits of training, namely: First, in terms of individuals: Adding insight,
knowledge about the development of the industrial world and businesses both locally,
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regionally and internationally; include: (1) adding insight into environmental developments
that greatly affects life; (2) increasing knowledge in their area of work; (3) increasing skills in
improving the performance of their duties; (4) improving communication skills between
people; (5) increasing the ability to handle emotions; (6) increasing experience to start a
business. Second, for organizations: (1) preparing officers to occupy positions higher than the
current position. (2) Adjusting to change in the environment; (3) being the basis for further
development; (4) increasing the ability to produce/productivity; (5) Improving the ability of
organizations to improve performance (Wibowo, 2014).
The skill of processed glutinous rice products is really needed by the woman farmer community
in Cinyasag Village, after the women know that glutinous rice has high economic value
potential. However, they have not been touched by the education and training program in the
diversification of the food processing industry from agricultural products (Village Role:
Jamaludin, 2019).
Figure 4: glutinous rice Potential Figure 5: Learning enterprise group
Source: document of Tresna Bhakti learning enterprise group -PKBM 2019
To add insight, it needs knowledge about the diversification of the food processing industry
from agricultural products, for the community. For this reason, the Community Activity Center
(PKBM) of Tresna Bhakti, Cinyasag Village, Panawangan District, Ciamis District, felt
responsible. The education and training program were carried out in August-September 2018,
by the Business Learning Group (KBU) with the support of the PKUR (People's Business Skills
Improvement Program) Foundation for the Baetul Mal Foundation (YMB) BRI Branch of Ciamis
(Peng PKBM-YTB: Asih, 2019).
The method used in this activity is counseling, training and assistance in making various kinds
of food preparations from kanji flour, cassava flour, and yellow sweet potato flour. In
conducting the training, the andragogy training methodology is used, which requires that the
trainees be positioned as adults and encouraged to play an active role in each stage of the
training. Both through the brain storming method regarding problems encountered and
sharing method related to experiences among fellow trainees and also from the training
facilitator. It is intended that trainees can see everything related to the problem being faced
from a different perspective (Setiasih, at., Al. 2017).
Through the KBU program, their knowledge, skills and business attitudes are nurtured and
developed, so that they are expected to have a livelihood as a source of income, as well as the
KBU will provide an influence on the livelihood growth of the surrounding community. In other
words KBU can be interpreted as an activity of learning citizens. The community catches up the
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and can meet the needs and desires of consumers, both tangible and intangible, also constitute
a tool to achieve company goals, namely to get the maximum profit (Hermawan, 2015).
From the above opinions, it is concluded that product diversification is one of the strategies
applied to a company or business line to provide a variety of products including goods and
services of various types, sizes, appearance, and uses and vary according to the desires and
needs society also varies, so that it is expected to increase sales then achieve goals for the
business itself.
Glutinous rice is the result of tribes of grass plants (poaceae). How to get it is same as ordinary
rice after the fruiting plants are dried in the sun then peeled off. Then it is obtained the sticky
rice (glutinous rice). Sticky rice contains a high gelatinous substance which causes if cooked to
become sticky with one another. This gelatin is the same as that found in the starch. According
to Prayyitno, glutinous rice in scientific name is called Oriza sativa var glutinosa (Sumarni,
2015)
Sticky rice contains mainly starch component, amylopectin. Glutinous rice has a more fragile
texture, large grain and white color (Darmajati, 1981 in Ridwan, 1994). The chemical structure
of branched amylopectin causes a stronger shape and low amylose content and sticky rice tends
to produce more brittle opak products. Amylose and amylopectin levels can be divided into
waxy rice (glutinous rice) containing 1-2% amylose and non-waxy rice (low amylose 10-20%,
moderate 20-25%, and high 25-30%) (Isyanti, M. & Lestari, N. 2014).
Figure 5: glutinous rice in red and white types
Source: document of Tresna Bhakti learning enterprise group -PKBM 2019
Sticky rice types are mostly developed in the Ciamis Regency area, especially in Cinyasag
village. The plant is one of Indonesia's native grain crops which is quite productive so that it
can be harvested throughout the season together with ordinary rice. The types of sticky rice
that so far have been developed are local sticky rice, black sticky rice and white sticky rice. Both
have different selling prices. Black sticky rice reaches Rp. 9000 per kilo gram, white sticky rice
is between 20,000-30,000 per kilo gram. However, during harvest season which takes place in
July-August, the price of local sticky rice decreases dramatically due to overproduction and
unable to compete with imported sticky rice whose price can reach Rp. 5000 per kilo gram.
Sticky rice (or glutinous rice), white, not transparent, all or almost all of its starch is
amylopectin. Black sticky rice is a sticky version of black rice. (Village Role: Jamaludin, 2019).
Opak is one of the processed products from glutinous rice which is commonly consumed as a
snack (snack food). According to Ridwan, opak is a kind of small food made from ingredients
that contain quite high starch. In the process of making opak, the starch must undergo
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1) drying phase I 2) drying phase II 3) drying result ready to
bake
Figure 14: Process of drying
1) Process ofbaking 2) Packaging 3) Opak are ready for
marketing
Gambar 15: Process of baking, packaging and ready for marketing
During the training process, there was a positive response from the trainees, that they were
very enthusiastic in learning. Industry and business actors gain a new perspective on the
importance of entrepreneurial motivation and managerial skills. This training is expected to
help the participants so that the business activity can continue (sustainability).
Comparative Study of Processed Glutinous Rice Products:
Comparative study activities (comparison study) are activities carried out by interest groups
to visit or meet certain objects that have been prepared and take place in a relatively short time
with the aim of comparing the conditions of objects that have already advanced, in order to
have a positive effect, because by seeing and studying directly it will be more open insight and
intellectual, so that in the future be able to apply the ideal concepts that have been learned in
the field of study elsewhere with the conditions that exist in their own place (Setiasih, at., al.
2017). This event was held on September 30, 2018. Departing from Cinyasag at 07.00, arrived
at Conggeang at 09. 25, right at the CongaengOpak Monument.
1) monument of OpakCongeang 2) the Groups arrive inConggeang
Figure 16: the group of comparative study arrived in Congeang
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Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the Diversification of
Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-
243.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.122.18180
The target of the comparative study is Opak Oded ConggeangSumedang UKM located in
Conggeang Hamlet RT 01 RW 02 No. 282 ConggeangWetan Village Conggeang District. Upon
arrival at the location, we were kindly graciously provided a special room for meetings. For
approximately 1 hour we were treated to insights, knowledge, experiences about the journey
to develop an opak business. After that we were invited to see and watch the production
process, starting printing, baking, packaging and marketing opak (KBU Management Program:
Sukaenah, 2019)
1) figuring out of the Material 2) printing of Opak Oded 3) baking of Opak Oded
4) Opak Oded packaging 5) location of Opak
Odedoutlet
6) situation in the Opak Oded
Outlet
Figure 17: the group of comparative study arrived in Congeang
In this third stage, participants were invited to a comparative study with the aim (1) to add
insight about other places (2) to gain new experiences in other places. (3) to compare the place
of origin with other places. (4) to add thinking horizons (KBU Management Program: Sukaenah,
2019).
Opak Oded Conggeang UKM Sumedang was started by Mr. H. DudangAdihana, around 1996.
This business is located in Conggeang Hamlet RT 01 RW 02 No. 282 ConggeangWetan Village
Conggeang District. Initially, H. DudangAdihana, S.E., only made a small business, by having
three employees. H. Dudang began to make opak with an unusual taste. In marketing Oded Opak
products, he applies the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategy. That is a strategy
for managing the organization's relationships and interactions with customers and potential
customers. CRM systems help companies stay connected with customers, streamline processes,
and increase profitability, Implementation of Customer Relationship Management (CRM), At
SME Opak "Oded" Sumedang to increase sales from an average of 500 packs per day to 1000
packs. Opak Oded ConggeangSumedang UKM truly inspired the thinking horizon, in order to
develop the production of OpakMandiri which was born from the PKBM Business Learning
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Group (KBU) Tresna Bhakti Cinyasang, which in turn could realize Economic Strengthening in
Ciamis Regency, West Java (KBU Management Program: Sukaenah, 2019).
Impact of Community Empowerment on Economic Strengthening
Diversification Training Education: Increasing Total Turnover of Production:
The success of empowering Peasant Communities is everyone's dream. However, to know
success as a process, it can be seen from the indicators of the achievement of success
Empowering farming communities, carried out to support and accelerate the achievement of
quality of life and equal partners between men and farming communities engaged in all fields
or sectors (Mardikanto, 2017). This is as Education and Training becomes significant to do in
order to meet the changing demands of business and technology. That, related to the agro- industry diversification and development program in rural areas, is expected to be, income,
quality of agricultural products and expansion of employment opportunities. Due to the surplus
of labor in the agricultural sector and the high level of poverty it is expected to be overcome by
the development of Agro-industry. For that matter, Wibowo believes that with the
implementation of Dikat, it will be able to; (1) preparing power that has a broad horizon of
thinking and berorietasi to the future; (2) being able to adjust to changes in the environment;
(3) serving as a foundation for further development; (4) increasing the ability of
institutions/businesses to improve performance and improve production/productivity ability
(Wibowo, 2014).
The production of OpakMandiriCinyasag, before receiving training materials and the use of
mechanical printing equipment, its employees used Gereleng, Jajaplok printing equipment to
print 250 opaque (25 packs), which were made from 30 kg of glutinous rice. The printing
process takes up to 4 hours.
100 Kg = 1200/120 Print 24 hours (3 days)
After attending the training, they learned about the use of mechanical printing equipment, with
the same basic ingredients and the same amount. The production time of opak printing is 2
hours faster compared to the use of traditional printing equipment (Jamaludin, 2019).
Production of OpakMandiriCinyasag, before receiving training materials and the use of
mechanical printing equipment, used the Gereleng, Jajaplok printing equipment to print 6,000
opak (600 packs), which were made from 100 kg of glutinous rice. The printing process takes
up to 16 hours.
After attending the training, they gained knowledge about the use of mechanical printing
equipment, with the same basic ingredients and the same amount. The production time of
opaque printing was 8 hours faster compared to the use of traditional printing equipment.
Meaning turnover increased 2-fold, faster than before (Jamaludin, 2019).
This shows that the use of mechanical equipment reduces the total operator effort and also
increases total production. In terms of time open opportunities to open opportunities to
increase production. However, increasing production with the use of new technology requires
readiness of users to have knowledge and skills as well as business motivation. Motivation can
grow when human needs are met.
Page 17 of 19
241
Rusdiana, A., Suryani, Y., & Mulyawan, S. (2025). Empowerment of Farmer Communities through Education and Training in the Diversification of
Processed Glutinous Rice Products: (Economy Empowering in Ciamis Regency West Java). Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 12(2). 225-
243.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.122.18180
Diversification Training Education: Increasing Economic Value Added:
Diversification program is a corporate strategy that aims to increase profitability through
increasing sales volume in the form of new products or new markets. Nijman and Wolk,
diversification as part of a product strategy is the expansion of the development of goods and
services offered by companies, by adding new products. In this case, means adding numbers,
colors, models, and sizes (Isyanti, M. & Lestari, 2014).
In this context, diversification is an effort to find and develop new products or markets, or both,
in order to pursue growth, increase sales, profitability, and flexibility. Relevantto the aim of this
research, it is to find out how much added value, in the end can be an Economic Strengthening.
The same thing happened in CinyasagOpakMandiri Production, before receiving training
materials and the use of mechanical printing equipment, its employees print as many as
6,000opak (600 packs)Rp. 12,000 per package = Rp. 720,000 which is made from 100 kg
glutinous rice. The printing process takes up to 16 hours (2 business days), Monthly profit of
Rp. 3,162,833. After attending the training they got knowledge and skills, production with the
same basic ingredients and the same amount. The production time was faster than 8 hours (1
working day), meaning that compared to the performance before attending the training,
turnover increased 2-fold, with savings = Rp.7,590,800.34 per month (Jamaludin, 2019).
This shows that knowledge and skills can increase the added value of the economy. Efforts to
increase the added value can be seen from the 2019 CinyasagOpakMandiri Production
Development Estimation Business.
CONCLUSION
Humans are given freedom to utilize and process natural resources in order to achieve the
benefit and welfare of the people. People’s cultivation and diversification of food preparations
are carried out to support government policies in the development of the Agropolitan area, in
order to create a resilient and competitive economy based on local potential. For this reason,
people are required to have knowledge management, abilities, skills and entrepreneurial
motivation. If, the production of "OpakMandiriCinyasag", wants to survive more can learn in
the Opak Oded ConggeangSumedang UKM by implementing Customer Relationship
Management (CRM).
Contribution / Originality
This study is one of few studies which has been investigated by describing management of
Empowering Peasant Communities through the training of the diversification of glutinous rice
Opak Products. This study contributes first logical analysis that the society need to be
empowered by equipping them with knowledges, competences, skills, and entrepreneur
motivation management. If ”Opak Mandiri Cinyasag” wants to be survive in the marketing , it can
learn from Opak Oded small and medium enterprise in ConggeangSumedang by implementing
Customer Relationship Management
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