Page 1 of 7
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal – Vol. 9, No. 6
Publication Date: June 25, 2022
DOI:10.14738/assrj.96.12417. Tswanya, M. N., Kyuka, C., Bashiru, T., Abubakar, I., Bello, G. F., Muhammad, S. H. (2022). Evaluation on Growth and Yield Attributes
of Ten Winged Bean Accessionsin the Guinea Savannah Zone of North Central Nigeria. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal,
9(6). 291-297.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Evaluation on Growth and Yield Attributes of Ten Winged Bean
Accessions in the Guinea Savannah Zone of North Central Nigeria
Tswanya, M. N.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
Kyuka, C.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
Bashiru, T.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
Abubakar, I.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
Bello, G. F.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
Muhammad, S. H.
Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Sheda Science and Technology Complex, P.M.B. 186, Garki-Abuja
ABSTRACT
Field experiment was conducted at the Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre
Farm, Garki-Abuja during 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to evaluate ten
accessions of winged bean. The experiment was laid out using Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times, respectively. Data collected
on growth and yield parameters were number of leaves per plant, vine length per
plant, number of flowers per plant, pod length per plant, number of seeds per plot,
seed weight per plot and seed yield. These were subjected to analysis of variance
(ANOVA) and significant means compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test
(DMRT). Results obtained revealed that the growth parameters of the plants
increased as the plant aged. The highest vine length was obtained from TPT 9
(102.77 cm) accession and least mean values were observed from TPT 30, TPT 33
and TPT 3 in ascending order (80.57cm, 81.43 cm and 81.73 cm). There was
significant (p≤ 0.05) difference in seed yield among the accessions with the highest
yield obtained from TPT 48 (4.54 t/ha) while the least mean value was gotten from
TPT 19 (2.59 t/ha). From this study, it could be deduced that for optimum yield
Page 2 of 7
292
Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal (ASSRJ) Vol. 9, Issue 6, June-2022
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
performance TPT 48 thrived better than other accessions and can therefore be
adopted by farmers in this ecological zone.
INTRODUCTION
Winged bean [Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC] is an herbaceous perennial plant but can
be grown as an annual crop (Anamika et al., 2011). It is an underutilized plant which has a wide
genetical potential to be utilized as a source of quality food and forage (Sayyidah et al., 2021).
It is also a protein rich multipurpose legume and is listed as one of the under exploited plant in
the tropics (Amoo et al., 2006) with huge potential as a food source (Mahto and Dua, 2009;
Amoo, 1998). It is consumed as pods, seeds, flowers and also tuberous roots because of their
great nutritional values. The tubers, young pods, seeds, leaves, flowers and shoot are rich in
protein, amino acids oils, vitamins and minerals (Claydon, 1978; Hettiarachchy and Kantha,
1982). Winged bean has been regarded as “one species supermarket” because practically all of
the plant parts are edible (Bhattacharyya, 2016; Wilson, 1984, Ali et al., 2005). At maturity, the
pods are 6-9 inches long and 11⁄2 inches broad, with four angled leaflike wings running
lengthwise to the pods. Seeds are round and green when mature, similar to soybeans. Root and
seed are high in protein. Much publicity has been given to this because of its high protein
content and the edibility of so many parts. Winged bean plants grow best under hot, wet
conditions and grow best with 60 to 100 inches of rainfall or irrigation per year. Winged bean
can be grown in a range of soils as long as it has good drainage. The soil is worked in with well
rotted compost and 8-8-8 NPK fertilizer before planting. The plant can fix its own nitrogen if
the Rhizobium bacteria are present in the soil (Anon, 2018). This research aimed at identifying
10 winged bean accessions that can adapt and perform better in terms of growth and yield in
the Guinea Savannah Zone of north central Nigeria.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Field experiment was conducted at the Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre Farm, Sheda
Science and Technology Complex Garki-Abuja, FCT, Nigeria in 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons
to evaluate ten winged bean accessions. Abuja is located at 8O10’N and 7O 10’N and the climate
is cold and dry from November to March and then warm and moist from April to October. The
maximum and minimum temperature is 35 and 27OC, respectively. The humidity of this area is
high (74%) all the year round except in January when dry wind blows from the north. The
average annual rainfall is over 1250 mm. The soil is of a sandy loam texture, moderately well
drained and was previously under maize cultivation before fallowing for one cropping season.
The seeds were sourced from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan Oyo
State, Nigeria. The ten winged bean accessions used were: TPT 3, TPT 6, TPT 9, TPT19, TPT 30,
TPT 32, TPT 33, TPT 42, TPT 48 and TPT 153. The treatments were laid out in a Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times. Each plot consisted of four ridges at 50
cm wide and was separated 100 cm wide. The land was cleared, raked and ridged manually.
The first planting was done between June and October 2018 and the second year planting was
done in the same months in 2019. Two seeds were planted per hole at 50 cm within row and
the seedlings were thinned to one per stand four weeks after emergence. Staking was done
when the plants reached the twining stage by supporting with 3 m long dried sticks stake for
access to adequate sunlight. Weeding was done with hoe four times at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after
planting (WAP). Placement method of fertilizer application was done at 150 kg N ha-1 to boast
plant growth. Data collected on growth and yield parameters were number of leaves per plant,
vine length per plant, number of flowers per plant, pod length per plant, number of seeds per