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European Journal of Applied Sciences – Vol. 12, No. 5
Publication Date: October 25, 2024
DOI:10.14738/aivp.125.17554.
Hegazi, E., Khafagi, W., El-Rahman, S. A., Hasaneen, M., Showiel, S., Shal, A. A., El Eryan, M., & Attia, M. (2024). Effects of Adult
Feeding Treatments on Longevity and Egg Maturation in Non-Ovipositing Broomrape Females, Phytomyza Orobanchia Kalt
(Diptera: Agromyzidae). European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol - 12(5). 240-249.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Effects of Adult Feeding Treatments on Longevity and Egg
Maturation in Non-Ovipositing Broomrape Females, Phytomyza
Orobanchia Kalt (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
Esmat Hegazi
Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Wedad Khafagi
Plant Protection Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Center (ARC),
Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Safaa Abd El-Rahman
Mammalian Toxicology Department,
Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory (CAPL),
Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Mervat Hasaneen
Plant Protection Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Center (ARC),
Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Sania Showiel
Plant Protection Research Institute,
Agricultural Research Center (ARC),
Research Center (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
Amany Abou Shal
Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria Uniersity, Alexandria, Egypt
Mohamed El Eryan
Faculty of Agriculture,
Alexandria Uniersity, Alexandria, Egypt
Manal Attia
Bioassay Research Department,
Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory (CAPL),
Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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241
Hegazi, E., Khafagi, W., El-Rahman, S. A., Hasaneen, M., Showiel, S., Shal, A. A., El Eryan, M., & Attia, M. (2024). Effects of Adult Feeding
Treatments on Longevity and Egg Maturation in Non-Ovipositing Broomrape Females, Phytomyza Orobanchia Kalt (Diptera: Agromyzidae).
European Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol - 12(5). 232-239.
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/aivp.125.17554
ABSTRACT
Orobanchaceae, is noxious root parasites, in Egypt. Some causing huge economic
losses to faba bean fields. So far, there are few detailed reports on the rearing
protocols of its biological control agent, Phytomyza Orobanchia Kalt. The effect of
food supplements on longevity and egg load in non-ovipositing Broomrape fly
Ph.Orobanchia ,is not well known. We investigated the effect of three feeding
regimes of the adult flies (supplement with sterile water or honey solution and
starvation) on its longevity, and egg load female fly. Adult longevity was affected
by feeding treatments, insect sex and hatching time. Under starvation, the
longevity and egg load of Ph. Orobanchia adults were significantly lower than
those with access to sterile water and a honey solution. Honey fed females of non
diapaused flies lived longer than diapaused ones. Egg loads were significantly
influenced by female age, feeding treatments and physiological state of the female.
Females emerged without mature eggs. For honey solution fed flies, egg load
increased until age of 3 d old (non-diapausing females) day 14 (diapausing
females), reaching respective maxima of 28.2± 1.2 and 16.4 ± 2.2 eggs/female.
Eggs load then declined with age. Non- diapausing females produce more eggs than
diapausing ones.
Keywords: Phytomyza Orobanchia Kalt., food supplements, adult longevity, egg load of
nonovipositing fly.
INTRODUCTION
Kaltenbach (1864) described Phytomyza orobanchia from flies bred from larvae on Orobanche
sp. Ph. Orobanchia Kaltenbach, 1864 is frequently cited and studied species which is used as
biological agents against very harmful plants, the multitude of parasitic Broomrape species.
The larvae of Ph. Orobanchia consume the fruits and seeds of its host plant, thus reducing the
dissemination of those pest species. The preferred food of Ph. orobanchia are the Orobanche- seeds, but larvae also mine the epidermis of the shoots. Damage to the shoots produces
premature desiccation of the seed capsules (Spencer, 1973). Development starts in spring,
when temperature and photo-period trigger the end of diapause of overwintering pupae. As
Ph. orobanchia depends on its host, it is adapted to the summer vegetation period. Hegazi et al
2024, reported that, the fly is long lived adult and may stay alive in the field up 2 months
(unpublished data) waiting for its host plant. It is a short-day species with a pupal summer -
winter diapause. Depending on the specific climatic conditions there are 1–6 generations per
year (Klein & Kroschel, 2002). Several technical, vegetable and fodder crops are damaged by a
harmful flowering parasite– the Broomrape (Orobanche L., 1753, Orobanchaceae). Parasitic
weeds of the genus Orobanche pose a tremendous threat to European agriculture (Joel 2000).
These weeds considerably damage crop plants due to withdrawal of water, minerals and
organic compounds. The growth of the hosts is retarded and yield losses range from 5 to
100% depending on the region and the crop (Sauerborn, 1991). A detailed literature overview
on Orobanche was published by Pieterse (1979). This genus [sensu lato] includes 140–200
species worldwide of which O. crenata, O. cumana, O. minor, and Phelipanche ramosa are the
most noxious ones. In Egypt, parasitic weed species, O. crenata is noxious root parasites which
seriously constrain the production of many crops, including Leguminosae and Solanaceae
families (Hegazi et al 1981, Parker & Riches, 1993, Al-Eryan et al.2011). The larvae of