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European Journal of Applied Sciences – Vol. 10, No. 2
Publication Date: April 25, 2022
DOI:10.14738/aivp.102.12199. Brew, B. (2022). Perceived Effects of Tutors’ Pedagogical skills on Academic Performance of Pre-service Deaf Teachers at the
Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong Akuapem. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(2). 499-508.
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Perceived Effects of Tutors’ Pedagogical skills on Academic
Performance of Pre-service Deaf Teachers at the Presbyterian
College of Education, Akropong Akuapem
Bright Brew (MPhil)
Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong Akuapem, Ghana
Department of Educational Studies
ABSTRACT
This study explored the perceived effect of tutors’ pedagogical skills on the
academic performance of pre-service Deaf teachers at the Presbyterian College of
Education, Akropong Akuapem. The research design used was phenomenology
where eight pre-service Deaf teachers were purposively sampled for the study. Data
was collected by using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis
was employed to analyse the data. The results of the study showed that tutors’ way
of presentation makes it difficult for pre-service teachers who are deaf at the
Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong Akuapem to understand what is
taught. Again, it was found out that most tutors in the College could not use the Sign
Language effectively; therefore, they were not able to effectively communicate with
pre-service teachers who are deaf. Furthermore, it was revealed that pre-service
teachers who are deaf preferred practically oriented and demonstration lessons to
the theoretical style of learning to understand concepts taught. The paper
concludes that some tutors’ way of teaching negatively affect the academic
performance of pre-service Deaf teachers at the Presbyterian College of Education.
Keywords: Pedagogy, Pre-Service teacher, Universal Design for Learning (UDL),
Continuous Professional Development (CPD).
INTRODUCTION
The United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child (2006) revealed that it is always
domineering that the voices of consumers of academic programmes be heard by the service
providers and all other stakeholders to improve the support services provided to the
consumers. Teaching methods comprise the principles and techniques used by teachers to
enhance learner’s learning and are predetermined partly on the subject matter to be taught and
partly by the nature of the learner. For a particular teaching method to be appropriate and
efficient, it must satisfy the learning style of the learner. Some learners are visual learners,
auditory and kinesthetic by nature. Teaching methods must consider not only the nature of the
subject matter but also how learners learn (Westwood, 2008). Accordingly, in designing
teaching approaches for pre-service teachers who are deaf, tutors must consider the opinions
of the learners. The teaching methods must be adapted to suit the learning needs and style of
the learner. For example, in academic disciplines such as adapted Physical Education,
Differentiated Teaching and Assessment the teaching methods, resources, approaches and the
environment are adapted to meet the needs of the learners.
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European Journal of Applied Sciences (EJAS) Vol. 10, Issue 2, April-2022
Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom
Pre-service teachers who are deaf have peculiar needs when compared to other groups of
learners with special needs. In Ghana, for instance, learners who are deaf access academic
information mainly through the Ghanaian Sign Language (GSL) across all levels of education.
However, Kalabula (2007) affirmed that most teachers and for that matter tutors who teach
learners who are deaf have little or no training in education for the deaf. This implies that
learners who are deaf struggle to go through academic work under the tutelage of such tutors.
Tutors’ inability to use sign language effectively might affect their teaching especially, when
teaching the Deaf. In the preparation of pre-service teachers who are deaf, there is always the
need for frequent classroom support services if they are to realize their academic potential.
Academic support that could enhance the understanding of pre-service teachers who are deaf
in relation to instructions in the classroom includes sign language interpreting services, note- taking services, and accessibility to internet facilities (Roe, 2008). O’Brien (1998) argues that
learners who are deaf must have complete access to all academic facilities to enhance their
learning outcomes.
Although Agomoh and Kanu (2011), Hauser et al. (2008), and Marschark et al. (2013) advised
teachers to be literate in sign language to be able to assist students who are deaf, it may still not
be enough to effectively educate students who are deaf, and teachers have to go beyond being
literate in sign language. Marschark, Sapere, Convertino, and Seewagen (2005) recognized that
even with interpreting and note-taking services provided for students who are deaf at the
tertiary level, they still receive less information from lectures and tutorials than their hearing
peers. This assertion is confirmed by Marschark et al. (2005) when they conducted a study on
deaf students’ experiences on sign language interpreting services at Rochester Institute of
Technology in the United States of America. Their study found out that participants that were
students who are deaf did not acquire as much information from lectures as their hearing peers,
even with experienced interpreters who were familiar with the students.
Evidence in the literature confirms that much is not known about the experiences and
challenges learners who are deaf at the Colleges of Education in Ghana. For instance, Oppong
and Fobi (2016) conducted a study about the gender differences in mathematics achievement
of learners who are deaf at the basic level, and another study by Oppong et al. (2018) focused
on the academic experiences of students who are deaf in a public university in Ghana. Other
studies elsewhere reported negative findings concerning academic experiences of learners who
are deaf who find themselves in the same learning environment as their hearing peers (Bell,
2013; Magongwa, 2008; Mantey, 2011). It is against this backdrop that this study is conducted
to explore how tutors’ methods of teaching affect the academic performance of pre-service
teachers who are deaf at the Presbyterian College of Education, Akropong Akuapem.
METHODOLOGY
Study Design
The study employed qualitative-phenomenological design. Phenomenological design was
chosen because the researcher sought to explore lived experiences of pre-service teachers who
are deaf as they are taught by tutors who are not deaf themselves. Due to the characteristics
design, it provides detail information on the lived experiences of the research participants (Gall
et al., 2007). According to Ary, Jacobs, Sorensen, and Razavieh (2010), phenomenological
studies are meant to explore participants’ perspectives and experiences of a phenomenon. The
view of Ary et al. was supported by Creswell (2012), that the primary purpose of