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Archives of Business Research – Vol. 10, No. 4

Publication Date: April 25, 2022

DOI:10.14738/abr.104.12124. Hernandez, J. A. V., Zepeda, J. A. R., Chombo, R. A., & Mejia, M. N. O. (2022). Education in the Arts: Debate Between the Term Artist

or Teacher. Archives of Business Research, 10(04). 55-61.

Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom

Education in the Arts: Debate Between the Term Artist or

Teacher

Jorge Arturo Velázquez Hernández

Autonomous University of Queretaro

Campus San Juan del Río, Mexico

Jorge Adán Romero Zepeda

Autonomous University of Queretaro

Campus Concá, Mexico

Rosalía Alonso Chombo

Autonomous University of Queretaro

Campus Tequisquiapan, Mexico

María Nallely Ordaz Mejía

Autonomous University of Queretaro

Campus Amealco, Mexico

ABSTRACT

The arts today have gained a lot of strength because it has been believed that they

help improve student performance, favor education and learning, managing to lead

the learner to the generation of significant knowledge. In this sense, this research

aims to elucidate the impact and importance between the terms of artist and the

figure of the art teacher. It seeks to express that both terms are related to education

and the development of student learning. The results obtained will seek to make a

proposal in which, based on what has been analyzed and referenced, the work of an

art teacher within the school field can be defined, in addition to his artistic vocation

that is completely balanced with his teaching vocation.

Keywords:Arts, Teaching, Artistic discipline, Education, Training.

INTRODUCTION

The current context of art teaching leads us to rethink whether it is beneficial or detrimental

that an artist is the teaching figure who shares his teachings with students of different

educational levels, or on the contrary, it should continue with the titular teacher giving arts

class. The students in previous generations did not have a professional teaching figure in the

arts, it was a complementary subject that could or could not be taught in the classroom, in the

face of this problem, the educational system saw the need to give prominence to the arts as a

comprehensive training subject at different educational levels.

What was thought to be a solution, now brought another dilemma, that the artists gave classes

without having a teaching training, then then, their chairs were taught as they had learned

without any teaching methodology, only replicating what at the time it had been learned and

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Archives of Business Research (ABR) Vol. 10, Issue 4, April-2022

Services for Science and Education – United Kingdom

since each one believed that it was the correct or most appropriate thing in the developed

artistic discipline, this made the students see an excellence at the moment of executing it, but it

did not go into the awareness of the art where the teacher highlighted his ego and a personality

that was not always the right one for teaching the arts.

Faced with this situation, the Autonomous University of Querétaro, specifically the Faculty of

Fine Arts, creates the Degree in Art Teaching, which proposes the training and

professionalization of artists as teachers, providing them with methodologies, didactics and

pedagogical proposals, taking up the different contexts in those who developed to

comprehensively improve their way of teaching-learning.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Art has long been considered a form of expression that allows human beings to de-stress in

order to forget a little about their daily lives. However, there are many dilemmas around this

word, because some attribute it to a concept of free expression, others as a way of showing

artistic skills to express emotions and feelings, and within the professional field, it has been

fought for a long time to consolidate this discipline as an important way for the development of

the human being.

That is why art needs to be based as a fact of great importance that affects the individual's

actions, and in view of this, the following question arises: What should be the figure of the art

teacher compared to the traditional image of the art teacher? arts teacher, the artist and the

importance of the arts in academic training?

Art, culture and education, the triad in the formation of students

To identify the difference between the figure of an artist being a teacher and a teacher giving

art classes, it is necessary to define art; among the many definitions that can be obtained, it will

start with the etymological definition. Within the teachings obtained in the aesthetics class of

the first semester of the Degree in Art Teaching, in which it is recalled that the word art is

derived from the Greek "ars", aro that means I dispose, which is understood as to do a constant

activity with the impetus that is required for its development, and from the root tekné, as a

manual skill, which considers the aptitudes of people to develop some discipline.

It is important to identify these two roots because it leads to the interpretation in which art is

not only developed from the virtue of each human being, but also from the constant effort, to

seek perfection in practice and discipline, then, it is mention that this artistic training has a lot

to do with education, which is a constant of socialization, development of skills and constant

discipline.

Education "is a complex human and cultural process (...) it is necessary to consider the condition

and nature of man and culture as a whole, in its entirety, for which each particularity makes

sense because of its link and interdependence with the others and with the set"(Leon, 2007).

So art and education have an intrinsic relationship in human nature and at the same time in the

culturalization and socialization of the human, therefore, art and education are based on the

formation of the human and its development in all its aspects, as As Aníbal León mentions,

“education is to form subjects and not objects, it has the purpose of completing the human

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Hernandez, J. A. V., Zepeda, J. A. R., Chombo, R. A., & Mejia, M. N. O. (2022). Education in the Arts: Debate Between the Term Artist or Teacher.

Archives of Business Research, 10(04). 55-61.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.104.12124

condition of man, not just as nature has initiated it, has given birth to it; but as the culture wants

it to be”(Leon, 2007).

However, culture has a conservative meaning, “it is a way, it is an effort, to adapt man to the

environment. Because education is the construction of something that the culture considers

worth maintaining. It is educated then to satisfy the expectations and desires of the culture, the

implicit or explicit design of a type, of a category.(Leon, 2007).

Within this formation, one always has the possibility of expressing oneself, hence, in addition

to culture and education, the human needs art as a means of freedom, because "man is energy

and always generates dissatisfaction, discomfort, and seeks to be different in some way, outside

the stereotype”(Leon, 2007)and this is where the importance of this triad is observed, because

within what is an art class at different educational levels, there must be the figure of the teacher

who knows how to mix his artistic and pedagogical work, within a sociocultural system.

The artist as creative agent and educational trainer

Defining the artist is one of the most difficult tasks, since, like the concept of art, it is ambiguous

and with a polysemy that would allow anyone who creates something or any subject who

expresses himself through some medium to be named an artist.

The artist is "any person who creates or who participates by his interpretation in the creation

or recreation of works of art, who considers his artistic creation as an essential element of his

life, thus contributing to the development of art and culture, and who is recognized or asks to

be recognized as an artist, whether or not they have entered into an employment relationship

or another form of association” (UNESCO, 2022), before this general definition, the artist is

found as an individual and creative agent.

In this sense, the artist must also be understood from his creation, which is not exclusive to one

of the classical arts or also called Fine Arts, but rather everyone who manages to express

something through the different artistic manifestations acquires the figure and term of artist.

The artist is usually defined as “someone who has a special sensitivity to create a work or an

activity. There is no specific classification of what are the activities of an artist. There are them

in the world of the circus or the show, in goldsmithing, in photography or in fashion” (Definición

MX, 2015), in fact, at the moment in which an approach to the arts is given at the basic

educational level , are initiated by this process, in which creativity is experimented with.

And it is that the artist, like any human being, is immersed in the formation of society, he

communicates with it through his work, establishing a kind of dialogue between himself and

the public. Also, it should be noted that"The traditional image of them (the artists), has

historically been talked about the bohemian environments they frequent, their creative

solitude, inspiration or their eccentric and misunderstood personality" (Definición MX, 2015),

a central point within of the artist as an educational figure, the stigma that has been given to his

appearances, his egocentric personality and the explosion of his emotions.

Based on these definitions and understanding in a general way the figure of theartist, it can be

inferred that an artist can be a teacher by nature, in the sense in which he is a creator, however,